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For the descendents of Richard Dearie and his son John Russell

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The Singapore and Malayan Directory 1934 SELANGOR GENERAL RUSSELL & CO., J.A. Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Buildings, Kuala Lumpur. Telegraphic Address—“Jar.” Codes—Private, Boe (Shipping) Imperial Combination (Mining) Acme and Bently’s (General) Gen. Manager …R. C. Russell Do. …H. H. Robbins Staff J. Drysdale F. J. B. Maggs (signs per pro.) E. L. Jorgenson S. Brown J. Joice J. H. Clarkson T. J. Johns General Managers and Secretaries Malayan Collieries Ltd. Managing Agents. Boh Plantations Ltd. Bakau Tin, Ltd. The Netherlands Indies Commercial (checked in ST archive no result) Agricultural & Mining Co. Ltd. Insurance Agencies. Royal Exchange Assurance Corp. Queensland Insurance Co. Ltd. Proprietors of Sungei Tua Estate, Batu Caves. Russell Estate, Tenang. Bukit Bisa Estate, Kajang. Sintok Mines, Kedah. Associated Firms W. R. Loxley & Co.—Hongkong, Shanghai, Canton and London. Perrin Cooper & Co.—Tietsin. Document in the National Archives of Malaysia

MINES MALAYAN COLLIERIES, LTD. (Incorporated in F. M. S.) Head Office—Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur. Telegraphic Address—“Arang,” Kuala Lumpur. Codes—Bentley’s, Boe, Shipping and Acme. Telephone No. 4265 (2 lines), with Private line to Batu Arang Colliery. Directors H. H. Robbins (Chairman) W. H. Martin F. Cunningham A. J. Kelman R. C. Russell General Managers & Secretaries J. A. Russell & Co. Colliery Suptd. F. Bellamy Colliery Undermanagers: R.Scott B. Harold. A. Knight Gen. Assistant … J. S. Gay Traffic Suptd. … K. Jorgenson Plant Suptd. … D. Tooms Electrical Engineers W. B. Joiner Mechanical Engineer … F. Gradon Do. … J. A. Porteous Draughtsman … J. J. Gibson Surveyor … D. L. Lawrence Civil Engineer … H. E. Marnie Works Accountant & Stores Suptd. J. H. Tubb Brickworks Supt. E. G. de Muschamp Plywood Works Suptd. … E. G. Spall Wood Distillation Works Suptd. E. G. de Muschamp Forest Engineer E. L. Jorgenson Resd. Med. Officer Dr. Kirpal Singh Sodhi Document in the National Archives of Malaysia

TAIK HING KONGSI 13 ½ miles from Kuala Lumpur Postal Address—Kanching. Head Office—Chan Thye Lee, Kuala Lumpur. Distance from Telegraph Office—4 miles, Rawang. Distance from Railway Station—4 miles. Rawang. Resd. Manager .. Mah Peng Khuan Advancer .. Ho Man Lessees .. Ho Man and J. A. Russell. M. L. 3701, 3618, 3727, etc. Lot Nos. 1833, 1857, 758 etc. Total Area—620 acres Plant—Three Oil Engines 200 h.p. each, One Oil Engine 120 h.p., one Oil Engine 150 h.p., one Oil Engine 80 h.p., three Electric Motors 235 h.p., three Gravel Pumps And 21 Monitors. Document in the National Archives of Malaysia

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 2 January 1934, Page 3 Obituary: Nineteen- Thirty- Three A REVIEW OF AN EVENTFUL YEAR Mr. J. A. Russell, chairman of Malayan Collieries, and one of the most prominent business men of Malaya, died in the General Hospital Singapore on April 7.

The Straits Times, 26 January 1934, Page 17
 MALAYAN PLANTING TOPICS. A Highlands Holiday- Telom Valley Estate- Capital Front Singapore Mincing Lane Opinions— A Crepe Contract. (By Our Planting Correspondent) IN April of last year, after a visit to Cameron Highlands, I wrote an account of the various enterprises that had begun up there. ( Summary: Telom Valley estate, car journey, “ There was one fact which did stand out, however, and that was that Singapore had provided more capital for the Telom Valley than all the rest of Malaya put together, and in fact that might be said of the Highlands as a whole, with the exception of Boh Plantations” golf, hotel, Tanah Rata tea samples, tea will attract buyers “ But alas and alack, where is the tea to come from, for no planted areas except Boh Plantations and the Government Experimental plot are yet in existence at our new hill station! It seems to me that if Government really desires to see any return on what has been spent at the Highlands, and capital attracted for more rapid development of the tea industry, far better facilities of access will have to be provided, or the premium for land reduced”… crepe rubber, firelighters. (2363 words()Photos of Green Cow Tavern and Cmdr. Landers pioneer estate. )

The Straits Times, 9 February 1934, Page 20
 • Making Rubber Packing Chests In Malaya. Six photographs captioned: AN INTERIOR VIEW down one of the three bays of the Malayan Collieries Plywood Factory, which forms one of the parking sections. A VIEW of the factory from the South-west, showing the railway line running alongside. AN INTERIOR VIEW of the factory showing an intermediate stage of manufacture. WHEN THE LOGS enter the factory they are peeled into large strips. The picture shows two of the peeling lathes in action. ANOTHER VIEW of the factory where the Malaply chest are made. AFTER THE LOGS have been sawn into lengths they are piled in the yard awaiting treatment in the steaming pits.

The Straits Times, 10 February 1934, Page 10
 Notes of the day. AN A.B.M. BLUNDER Since when has the Association of British Malaya taken to using its monthly magazine to crab Malayan Industries? Our planting correspondent yesterday called attention to an article in the December number of British Malaya in which a certain make of rubber chest was praised to the skies (not in an advertisement but in a contributed article) and mysterious references to of an uncomplimentary nature were made of Eastern rivals. We are told that this make of chest is:” stronger and safer to use than similar style chests made of timber grown in the Eastern hemisphere.” Another helpful remark was that “Eastern plywood suffers badly (during a sea voyage) and the plies come part.” There are only two Eastern makes of rubber chest on the market, the Japanese makes and the Malaply product of Malayan Collieries Ltd. It is difficult to believe that this article was not a veiled- and totally unjustified- attack on a Malayan enterprise, and an explanation from the Association of British Malay would be welcome.


The Straits Times, 25 February 1934, Page 12 Men Who Gave Their Lives For Malaya. Tales of the early days told by Mr. Eric Dickson to the Times of Malaya. …A good story about the beginning of Malayan Collieries, today the largest and most regular dividend- payer in the country, is told by Mr. Dickson. . When he was stationed at Kuala Kubu nearly 40 years ago he heard that a Sakai tribe had left a certain Selangor district because they had made a fire on certain stones and found that the stones caught alight. Therefore they thought the locality haunted. Mr. Dickson felt certain that this was a clue to a coal deposit but he could not find anyone who could show him the exact place, which was then in the midst of extensive jungle. A Malay’s Samples. Twelve years later he was stationed at Kuala Pilah when he met a Malay who possessed samples of this “burning stone” and who said he had been hawking it all over Singapore and Penang but could get no one interested in it. . Mr. Dickson gave him fresh encouragement however and advised him to show the samples to the late Mr. “Archie” Russell, in Kuala Lumpur. And that was the beginning of Malayan Collieries. The Malay, says Mr. Dickson, received a pension of $10 a month and was given a job as gatekeeper at the Batu Arang Collieries when they were opened up a year or two later. (751 words)

The Straits Times, 20 March 1934 p.4 & The Straits Times, 21 March 1934, Page 4
,& The Straits Times, 22 March 1934, Page 4
PUBLIC NOTICES. MALAYAN COLLIERIES LTD. Notice of Twentieth Annual General Meeting and Closure of Share Registers NOTICE is Hereby given that the Twentieth Annual General Meeting of the Members of the Company will be held at the Registered Office of the Company, Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur, on Thursday, March 29, 1934 at noon. (Etc.). By Order of the Board, J. A. Russell and Co. Secretaries. K.L. March 19, 1934.

The Straits Times, 21 March 1934, Page 12
 VICTIMS. INSURANCE IN F.M.S. Part of Report of Federal Council Meeting. WORKMEN’S LAW. NO Payment for Dependents In China. Mr. Shearn referred to the provision of the Workmen’s Compensation Enactment which excluded from compensation the dependants of workman who were living outside the F.M.S., the U.M.S. and the British Empire. He suggested that this was an undesirable state of affairs, because it would not be understood by the working people and had an unsettling effect on them. He quoted a case of an accident at Malayan Collieries where the dependents of the Chinese miner thought they would get the benefits but were told-quite rightly under the enactment- that as they resided in China they could not recover any benefits. A Mine Protest. The officials of the Company feared that that might have an unsettling effect on their labour, and their fears were not unjustified, because later on when another accident occurred a notice was posted up in Chinese, at the instance of the miners employees, which clearly showed that the work people were extremely dissatisfied with that kind of legislation. A free translation was as follows”: “We work under dangerous conditions. There are always fatal accidents occurring. For instance, one man met with a fatal accident at the East Mine and three others were injured. The relatives of the deceased claimed compensation and at last received $30 for funeral expenses. This man’s death received no more attention than the death of a cow or a horse. That makes us very grievous” As far as employers of labour were concerned, it was not to their advantage that dependents living in China or elsewhere should be excluded, because insurance companies had a per capita charge for those who were insured, regardless of where the depends might reside.

Part of Report of same Federal Council Meeting.“The average population of the highlands in 1933 was 500 at Renglet, 1,100 at Tanah Rata and 340 at Boh Plantations. The total number of deaths in the whole of the Highlands last year was 18, of which 7 were due to malaria. Out of the malaria deaths two occurred at Boh, one at Tanah Rata and four at Renglet. Of the last-mentioned four, three were out of work Chinese who had gone to the Highlands to look for work and one was an unemployed Malay.

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 21 March 1934, Page 8, & The Straits Times, 24 March 1934, Page 13 & The Straits Times, 28 March 1934, Page 18. Straits Times Office, Fleet Street, Mar. 12.Mrs. J. A. Russell, widow of Mr. Archie Russell, who died so suddenly in Singapore nearly a year ago, has been suffering from influenza and a poisoned hand. She lives with her small son Tristram, in a flat in Clarence Gate Gardens, near Regents Park. She hopes to let the flat and spend the spring and summer in the country.

The Straits Times, 24 March 1934, Page 9 • MALAYAN COLLIERIES The omission of the sum written off leasehold property, in our report on Malayan Collieries, Ltd., directors’ statement has caused confusion. The passage should have read: The directors recommend a final dividend of 4% making 10% for the year ... ... ... $103,002. write off leasehold property ... ... $100,000; Total $203,002; balance to carry forward to next year’s account $213,786.34.

Malayan Collieries, Ltd.
(INCORPORATED IN F.M.S.)
DIRECTORS' REPORT
AND
ACCOUNTS
For the Year Ended 31st December, 1933.
TO BE PRESENTED AT THE
TWENTIETH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING OF
SHAREHOLDERS
TO BE HELD AT THE
Registered Office of the Company,
Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur,
ON
Thursday the 29th March, 1934, At Noon.
J. A. RUSSELL & COMPANY,
General Managers & Secretaries.
MALAYAN COLLIERIES LTD.

Centre of Operations, Batu Arang Colliery.

Malayan Collieries, Ltd.
(Incorporated in Federated Malay States.)

HUBERT HARRY ROBBINS, Esq. (Chairman)
FREDERICK CUNNINGHAM, Esq.
WILLIAM HENRY MARTIN, Esq.
ALBERT JAMES KELMAN, Esq.
ROBERT CECIL RUSSELL, Esq.
Managing Directors and Secretaries.
J. A. RUSSELL & Co., Kuala Lumpur.
Consulting Electrical Engineers.
SPARKS and PARTNERS, London.
REGISTERED OFFICES.
HONGKONG & SHANGHAI BANK BUILDINGS, KUALA LUMPUR.
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE Twentieth Annual General
MEETING of the Members of the Company will be held at the Registered Office of the Company, Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur, on Thursday, 29th March, 1934 at Noon for the following purposes: —
To receive and consider the Balance Sheet and Accounts to 31st December, 1933 and the Reports of the Directors and Auditors.
To Declare a Final Dividend for the year 1933.
To Declare Directors’ remuneration for the year 1933.
To Elect Directors in place of those retiring.
To Elect Auditors for the ensuing year.
The Share Registers will be closed from Thursday, 22nd March, 1934 to Thursday, 29th March, 1934, both days inclusive.
By Order of the Board, J. A. RUSSELL & Co.,
Secretaries.
Dated 17th March, 1934,
Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur, F.M.S.
Malayan Collieries, Limited.
(Incorporated in Federated Malay States.)
Directors' Report for the Twentieth Year of the Company ended 31st December, 1933.
The Directors have pleasure in submitting their Twentieth Annual Report and Statement of Accounts for the year ended 31st December, 1933.
In conformity with the practice of previous years the working of the Company's undertakings is reviewed by the General Managers in their report which is appended.
Batu Arang Colliery. The depression in trade and industry is again reflected in the production figures, the sales shewing a further decrease.
That the year was a difficult one is amply demonstrated by the accounts which we now place before you. The mere statement that 1933 sales were down by 16% on those for 1932 is not particularly impressive and a clearer idea is given by the fact that the 1933 sales represented only 34.4% of the sales during our peak year 1929 and 51.3% of the average sales during the ten years ending 1932.
All this notwithstanding, the plant was not only maintained in an excellent condition but actually added to and improved, the whole undertaking being kept in a position to respond to any increased demand at a moments notice.
Pamoekan Bay Colliery. This property continued in charge of a caretaker and though there is a slight improvement in conditions governing the Eastern Bunker business, there is still no indication of the time when it may be advantageous to resume operations.
General. Capital Expenditure on Colliery Account was largely confined to the transfer of plant and machinery from stores and the labour and materials expended in their installation. Expenditure on subsidiary undertakings comprised the completion of the erection of the Wood Distillation Plant, the whole of the erection of the Tile Plant, and the construction of approximately three miles of railway.
The subsidiary undertakings of the Company were operated according to demand. While the brickworks was practically idle, the plywood works was operated full time throughout and at the end of the year arrangements were in hand to increase further its capacity in order to satisfy a demand, which, though slow in developing, was nevertheless gratifying.
The timber application referred to in our last report was the subject of much correspondence and arrangements are now in hand for a final survey which will enable us to decide whether or not we can meet Government on the outstanding points.
The erection of the Wood Distillation Plant was completed and a trial run of about one month’s duration has been effective in confirming the estimates of yields upon which our acquisition of the plant was based. Of the products all but one have been successfully marketed, the exception being the wood preservative on which final tests are nearing completion.
Cement. A considerable amount of further work was recorded during the year but at present there is nothing definite to report or to submit to shareholders for their views.
Investments. The holding in Hongkong Government 6% Public Works Loan 1927 was converted into Hongkong Government 4% Conversion Loan 1933/53 during the year. The position is being watched for the favourable investment of funds which are now on Fixed Deposit with your Bankers.
Profits. The profits for the year under
review, subject to the Directors and Auditors' Fees amount to ... ... $312,823.05
To which is to be added the unappropriated
balance from the previous year of ... 281,468.29
594,291.34
Deduct Three Interim Dividends each of 2%
totalling 6% on 257,505 shares were declared during the year absorbing ... ... 154,503.00
439,788.34
You will be asked to sanction fees to Directors in
respect of 1933 at the rate of ... ... $20,000.00
Auditors' Fees at the rate of ... ... 2,500.00
Donations to F.M.S. Distressed Europeans Fund
 and Selangor Asiatic Unemployment Committee 500.00 23,000.00
Leaving available ... ... ... 416,788.34
Which your Directors recommend should be dealt with as follows: —
Final Dividend of 4% making 10% for the
year ... ... ... 103,002.00
Write off Leasehold Property ... ... 100,000.00 203,002.00
Balance to carry forward to next year’s account $213,786.34
Directors. Mr. W. H. Martin and Mr. F. Cunningham being the Directors longest in office retire under the provisions of the Articles of Association and being eligible, offer themselves for re-election.
It was our sad duty to advise you on the 12th April 1933 of the death of Mr. J. A. Russell on 7th April 1933. Mr. R. C. Russell was invited to join the Board to fill the vacancy and now offers himself for election by shareholders.
Mr. H. H. Robbins proceeded to England on business, and Mr. J. Drysdale acted as his alternate.
Auditors. Messrs. Evatt & Co. retire and being eligible, offer themselves for re-election.
By Order of the Board,
J. A. RUSSELL & CO.,
Secretaries. Kuala Lumpur,
17th March, 1934.
Malayan Collieries, Limited
The Directors,
MALAYAN COLLIERIES LTD., Kuala Lumpur.
Gentlemen,
We have pleasure in submitting herewith our report on the working of the Company's undertakings during the year ended 31st December 1933.
BATU ARANG COLLIERY. Sales. The sales per quarter were fairly regular, though as a result of Restriction of Tin Production, the monthly demand was variable, resulting at times in a considerable excess production of small coal.
Production. This was carried out chiefly in the East Mine, coal winning being entirely by longwall methods and chiefly in Nos. 1 and 2 districts.
The first lift of coal in No. 1 district has been extracted to the panel boundary and operations commenced in the second lift. In No. 2 district extraction was carried out in the first lift.
The volume of material hydraulically stowed represented approximately 90% of the coal extracted. Operations throughout proceeded satisfactorily, and the series pumping and settling has proved very successful.
Underground Development. No major development was called for, or is likely to be required for some considerable time, except perhaps in an extension of the main dip by another stage to provide secondary stowage facilities for the No. 2 district. A programme was developed and approved for the gradual extension of No. 17 Level to make possible the handling of all No. 3 Underground coal over the East Mine Screens.
Opencasts. Coal winning was carried on principally in O.C. 7 where extraction at the south end was almost completed and operations at the north end were commenced. Supplies from this source augmented the production from underground and served as a good reserve. Shale stripping was carried out principally as employment for otherwise surplus labour.
Coal Washery. All coal, routine analysis of which disclosed an ash content in excess of the standard adopted, was treated in the coal washery and the plant has functioned satisfactorily.
Buildings & Plant. All buildings and plant were maintained in good order and several additions and improvements in layout and in practice were carried out.
The power plant operated satisfactorily and satisfied all load requirements; the bulk of the coal used for steam generation was of unmarketable quality. The maintenance period of the Turbo alternating plant expired on 31st December and the final certificate has been issued.
Capital Work. This was kept at a minimum and only such work as was necessary in the form of improvements or additions was carried out. These included additions to the power house spray ponds, extension of the general stores, extension of the water services, and some small alterations and extension to the railroad system, all of which were carried out within the estimated expenditure, also the erection of the tile plant, completion of erection of the wood distillation plant, and the construction of approximately three miles of rail road to ensure timber supplies.
Labour. As in the past year it has been our policy to retain as much labour on the property as possible, mechanical plant being displaced to this end. The labour position was satisfactory throughout.
Workmen's Compensation Insurance. The Enactment came into operation on 1st October and the risk has been underwritten by an Insurance Company at current rates.
PAMOEKAN BAY COLLIERY. The property continued in charge of a caretaker and prospects are still against the possibility of profitable resumption of operations.
SUBSIDIARY UNDERTAKINGS. Clayworking Department.
The continuous kiln remained shut down throughout the year and the intermittent kiln was in use for the burning of firebricks, special bricks and tiles.
The erection of the tile plant was completed and a trial on commercial lines was made. A number of alterations and adjustments were necessary and promising results were achieved. It is hoped that the completion of the next burn will represent the commencement of commercial production.
Plywood. The production of the works amounted to approximately 4,000,000 sq. ft. of plywood or its equivalent, the bulk of this being sold in the form of rubber chests for which there was an increasing demand. Various alterations and additions were made to the plant as a result of which the capacity of the factory was increased.
Wood Distillation Plant. The erection of this plant was completed and a trial run gave generally very satisfactory results. Various modifications have since been made and the plant as it now stands is in every way ready for commercial operation. In the meantime, markets are being developed for the various products and the results should make possible full time operation when the new pilot sawmill is completed, the object being to utilise waste from the sawmill and the plywood works.
Timber. Arrangements were made for the erection of a pilot sawmill capable of meeting the entire requirements of the property and of dealing with limited export orders, in connection with which encouraging enquiries have been received.
To ensure continuity of supplies of timber for all purposes some three miles of railway was put in hand and practically completed.
General. The general health of the entire resident population remained exceedingly good as also did the morale of the labour force. The Asiatic Club and Sports ground provided by the Company were made full use of and were much appreciated by all concerned.
During the year we had the pleasure of conducting over the property several parties of visitors the largest party being the Members of the Engineering Association of Malaya.
We are, Gentlemen, Yours faithfully,
J. A. RUSSELL & CO.,
General Managers. Kuala Lumpur,
17th March, 1934.

 

(For accounts see M.C. page for 1934)

Above from: MALAYAN COLLIERIES LIMITED REPORTS & BALANCE SHEETS AND PROCEEDINGS AT ANNUAL MEETINGS 1926- 1935 & The Straits Times, 22 March 1934, Page 8
 MALAYAN COLLIERIES' YEAR. Demand For Plywood. BUT THE BRICKWORKS IDLE, & The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 26 March 1934, Page 10 MALAYAN COLLIERIES DIFFICULT YEAR Sales Decline 51 per cent.

The Straits Times, 29 March 1934, Page 19 News From All Quarters. Malayan Collieries, Ltd., has secured a contract to deliver Batu Arang coal to the St James’ Power Station, Singapore, during 1934, at the rate of 110 tons daily. The colliery company and the railway company worked together and cut their charges to the lowest limits to secure the contract.

Malayan Collieries, Ltd.

(INCORPORATED   IN    F.M.S.)

PROCEEDINGS AT   THE

TWENTIETH   ANNUAL   GENERAL   MEETING   OF

SHAREHOLDERS HELD AT THE

Registered Office of the Company,

Hongkong  & Shanghai Bank   Buildings, Kuala Lumpur,

ON

Thursday the 29th March, 1934,

At Noon.

Malayan Collieries, Limited.

(Incorporated in Federated Malay States.)

Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur, F.M.S.

The Shareholders,

MALAYAN COLLIERIES, LTD.

Dear Sir, or Madam,

We have pleasure in reporting to you the proceedings at the

Twentieth Annual   General   Meeting of the   Shareholders of the

Company which was held at the Registered Office, on Thursday, 29th March, 1934.

Yours faithfully,

J. A. RUSSELL & CO., Secretaries.

Dated 29th March, 1934

Malayan Collieries, Limited

(Incorporated in   Federated Malay States.)

Proceedings   of   the   Twentieth    Annual   General    Meeting

The Twentieth Annual General Meeting of Malayan Collieries Ltd., was held at the Hongkong & Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur, at noon   on Thursday   the   29th March, 1934.

The Chairman, Mr. H. H. Robbins presided and the others present were: —Messrs. W. H. Martin, F. Cunningham, A. J. Kelman, R. C. Russell (Directors) and P. W. Gleeson, John Hands, E. D. Butler, C. J. Chisholm, Lim Cheng Law, L. R. Mackness, H N. Ferrers, A. W. Delamore, J. Ford, C. R. Harrison  (shareholders) and S.   Brown representing the Secretaries.

The representative of the Secretaries having read the notice convening the Meeting, the Chairman, before moving the adoption of the Balance Sheet and Accounts to 31st December 1933, addressed the meeting as follows: —

Gentlemen,

Before proceeding with the business of the day, I should like to refer to the very great loss which we have all sustained by the death of our late Chairman, Mr. J. A. Russell. Your Directors circularised you on the 12th April advising you of this sad event and placing on record their very keen sense of loss and their appreciation of the valuable advice which Mr. Russell had always so freely given and the vast amount of thought and work that he had put into the building up of your undertaking.

Reference was made recently in the press to the foundation of this Company and the part played by your late Chairman at that time and until his untimely death. The events are well related, but they do not emphasise the vicissitudes through which the Company passed when Mr. Russell and a few staunch supporters, mostly influential Chinese friends, were the only people in the country who had any confidence in the future of the undertaking which is now in its 20th year.

Mr. Russell died in April which was probably the worst month of the slump from which we all hope we are steadily emerging. He guided this Company through slumps and booms from a very modest and precarious beginning, and the Board and its executive officers have his example as a stimulus and guide for the future.

I will now return to the matter before you, and the Report and Accounts having been in your hands for the prescribed period I will, with your permission, take them as read.

The Share Capital remains unaltered. With regard to the 61,120 surrendered shares, your Directors are considering the advisability of arranging to transfer the value of these shares from Share Capital Account to a Capital Reserve Account. This contemplated action if put into effect, would improve and strengthen the appearance of our Balance Sheet without affecting the shares   in   circulation.

The Pamoekan Bay colliery continued in the hands of a caretaker, which is the melancholy position of so many erstwhile prosperous Collieries in the Netherlands East Indies. There are indications of an improvement in the bunkering business, but this is merely comparative, and the further improvement necessary to any serious consideration of a resumption of operations is, I fear, still a long way off.

The demand for our Malayan coal fell to a figure which necessitates our turning back over a decade for a parallel.   Our monthly sales at times fell to a little more than one week's full production of the Batu Arang Colliery, and the problem of keeping our overheads within a reasonable ratio to our total costs was one which was ever before us. It was only with the co-operation of a staff and labour force of which we are justly proud, the aid of a plant which has been kept in pace with the times, and a policy under which we accumulated large reserves of developed coal with which to level up our costs, that the results which we now place before you have been possible. With an improvement in general conditions in Malaya, this Company must benefit, but results comparable with the actual capital invested in your business are quite obviously not possible without the existence of demand. Given a normal demand and a fair field, we have every confidence in   our   ability   to   continue   to show   satisfactory results.

After making due allowance for the inroads into the demand for Malayan coal, to which reference was made in the late Chairman's speech last year, the falling away in our sales may be accepted as a fair indication of general trading conditions. The tendency is for consumers to improve the efficiency of their plants and practice, and though this has the effect of reducing the consumption of coal, whether it be per train mile operated, per unit of electricity produced, per yard of ground treated, or per ton of stone crushed, it is our constant endeavour to aid this achievement in every way in our power. As against the reduction in the demand for our coal as a consequence of these improvements in efficiency, it is certainly a fact that in the production of tin today, power is used to a much greater extent than ever before. Man power has had its day and the succeeding stages have been the direct application of the steam engine, the oil engine, and now the electric motor.

In an article in the press since our last meeting, reference was made to the replacement of the portable steam boiler and engine by oil engine power, the inference being that the change over was primarily due to the high cost of coal. Actually, for one reason or another, and quite independent of the price factor, we were never able to profitably secure any considerable share of the portable boiler fuel business. The replacement of portable steam engines by oil engines has, to some extent, been due to the more economical operation of the latter; but factors other than this have influenced the position. The introduction of the oil engine made possible much deeper working, and the employment in deep opencast mines of much larger power units, than was ever possible with independent steam engines, whilst the handling of fuel, whether coal or wood, from the nearest railway station to the bottom of the mine represented a considerable item of costs. The evolution is not yet complete, the electric motor is being adopted as an improvement upon the oil engine, and this is where this Company should benefit, immediately, in so far as consumers linked to the Selangor power stations are concerned, and ultimately, we hope also in the case of the potential Perak demand.

As sales of small coal during the year were not sufficient to absorb the natural production, it became necessary to accumulate considerable stocks. Though our capacity for storage of coal under water is large, it was evident that we could not continue accumulation indefinitely, and by securing the contract for the supply of the fuel requirements of the St. James Power Station of the Singapore Municipality, made possible by the helpful co-operation of the F.M.S. Railways, —the position has been relieved. The contract calls for the supply of some 3,000 tons per month, and as in the case of other large consumers, the contract is on a calorific basis.

With reference to the accounts which are before you in their usual form the expenditure on Capital Account was approximately half as to work of a general nature, the balance being on account of railway construction and the completion of the wood distillation plant and tile works, all of which I   shall refer to later.

The amount allocated to Depreciation is $180,000, which is approximately the same as for the previous year. Owing to the policy of retaining as much available labour as possible on the property, much of the mechanical equipment was operated rather less time than even the low tonnage figures would suggest, and so the wear and tear on plant was very considerably less than would have been the case in a normal year.

The item "Operating Stores and Spares and Trading Stocks" is higher than the figure for last year, principally due to the purchase of further railway materials, to the large coal stocks as a result of demand being insufficient to absorb the natural production of small coal, and to the larger plywood stocks in consequence of the much increased turnover of that department. The figure of $641,215.65 is made up as to $374,857.18 of mine stores and spares, $92,797.20 of railway materials and $173,561.27 for coal brick and plywood stocks.

In connection with the coal stocks, I should like to explain that, as these are carried under water, the coal will keep indefinitely without deterioration. All coal as it is recovered from storage is sent to the washery for treatment before despatch and in valuing such stocks full provision has been made for process losses.

"Sundry Debtors and Debit Balances" are somewhat down on the years trading, this, of course, being in keeping with the reduced turnover. The reserve against Bad Debts remains the same at $135,000, adjustments having been made for any debts considered definitely bad. Sundry Creditors, including Bills Payable and Credit Balances, are also down, as is to be expected in the transaction of a smaller volume of business.

The item "Unclaimed Dividends" varies according to the time given for clearance of the 3rd interim dividend before the close of the financial year, and this year the amount is larger than usual owing to the intervention of a week-end.

"Staff Leave and Passage" is rather less, but this being a calculated figure calls for no comment.

"Investments". In August, the Hongkong Government repaid the 6% Public Works Loan, at the same time offering conversion facilities to those who preferred a 4% investment to cash, and as the rate of exchange was adverse to a return of funds to Malaya, the offer of conversion was accepted. Apart from this, the investments   remained unaltered.

"Cash in Hand and at Bank” was slightly up during the year, but when read in conjunction with the item "Unclaimed Dividends" the position is approximately the same.

The "Trading and Profit and Loss Account" does not, I think, call for any comment, the figures being in keeping with the volume of business represented.

In recommending the payment of a final dividend of 4%, making with the interim dividends already paid, a total of 10% for the year, your Board are agreeing to the distribution of a larger proportion of profits earned than has been usual. This has been done in an attempt to equalise as far as possible the payments during the depression, but only after due regard to the estimated cash requirements of the company.

Such is the result of the working of your undertaking during another difficult year. I will not describe the year as disappointing, because I fear we did not expect from it a great deal more than we have been able to achieve. Conditions during the first half of the year can best be described as appalling, though when regarded in retrospect one has the satisfaction of realising that those early months of 1933 may be recorded in history as the dark before the dawn of better times. The approach of the second half of the year brought with it a definite change for the better in the market prices of the two principal commodities of the country. Though this resulted in the average price of tin for the year bearing comparison with the highest average recorded in any year, the sacrifice of the producer to achieve this should not be lost sight of, the degree of restriction being such that the average mine was able to produce its quota in little more than 25% of possible working time.

Your Company is less directly affected by the fortunes of the rubber industry, but the indirect influence is, of course, very material and I follow, with very keen interest, the present course of prices, but, with perturbation, the trend of statistics. It is to be hoped that both can be reconciled in a manner equitable to all.

The labour position is one which is causing considerable anxiety. At the moment the supply in the country, if not actually short, is at best very delicately balanced, and to meet any steady improvement for which we all look, the reopening of channels for a reasonably natural ebb and flow of Chinese and Indian labour would seem desirable.

The Workmen's Compensation Enactment came into operation on the 1st October 1933 and your Directors deemed it wiser to insure the liability under the enactment rather than that your Company should carry this itself.

While in principle the legislation must be applauded, there is at least one condition which will inevitably operate very seriously against the Chinese labour force of this country. I refer to the fact that the dependants of a Chinese workman killed in an accident are not entitled to compensation if they are resident in China, and we are indebted to the Hon'ble Mr. Shearn for referring to this matter at the last meeting of the Federal Council.

Your labour force has already experienced the incidence of this condition, and 1 have no hesitation in saying that the lack of provision for compensation in such cases will, to a great extent, nullify the benefits to labour which the Act intended. The difficulties in making such provision are obvious, and it is realised that proof of identity would, in many cases, be difficult and perhaps in some cases, impossible; but even with the onus of proof with them, dependents of insured persons killed in the course of their employment would at least have a reasonable chance of obtaining that which should undoubtedly be regarded as theirs.

Before referring further to the subsidiary undertakings of your Company, 1 should like to outline your Boards policy in the matter. Briefly this is to spread your interests at Batu Arang where economically possible and to consider any project the adoption of which might aid the main operation, namely, the production of coal. It has been our practice to proceed with any well considered development which could be met by available funds without in any way interfering with the paying of a fair dividend. Any project calling for capital outlay beyond the resources of the company and for the raising of such capital by the issue of shares or by other means, is investigated with the object of placing any resultant recommendations before shareholders.

It might be fitting to very briefly describe the sequence in which this policy has developed.

The company's operations normally call for large quantities of bricks, in the production of which considerable power and coal are required, and when it became necessary to replace the original brick plant, the question arose whether a small plant, capable of supplying our own requirements only should be installed, or whether the installation should be of several times this capacity so that outside sales could be made. We decided upon the latter course and though the plant was not ready for production until after the peak of the last building boom, it will be in a position to benefit to the full when interest in building revives.

Considerable quantities of timber are used in the course of our mining operations and in extracting this from the forest, roads and/or railways have to be constructed and a forest staff employed. This being so, the way was paved for the extraction of all timber instead of just selected kinds and this gave rise to the acquisition of the plywood manufacturing plant. We have always had a sawmill of small capacity; and when the opportunity arose to acquire larger and more economical plant upon very attractive terms, this opportunity was taken. Plywood and sawmill plants inevitably produce a considerable quantity of solid waste which normally is destroyed. The avoidance of this destruction and the conversion of the waste into marketable products suggested the wood distillation plant. The felling of timber for the supply of the Company's general requirements renders available land suitable for agriculture, and in an endeavour to utilise such land experimental work has been carried out with various crops. In the meantime, we are doing nothing in the field, as our attitude is one of watching developments elsewhere.

The Cement Works, the possibilities of which we have investigated, would utilise for power and kilns very large quantities of coal, considerable quantities of shale—which is a waste product in the stripping of coal—and large quantities of limestone which would consume power in production. All these undertakings being grouped provide an excellent spread for those overheads and charges which are fixed whether one department or many are involved, and all the products, when transported over the F.M.S. Railways, represent an increase in traffic which in turn has the effect of increasing consumption of our coal.

I have already referred to the co-operation of the F.M.S. Railways in enabling us to resume the sale of your Company's coal in Singapore, and it is hoped that this mutually helpful policy can be strengthened and extended along the lines at present under consideration, and that further benefit will result not only to the Railway Administration, but also to your Company and to the country as a whole. Indeed, the full and orderly development of our proposals will not be possible without the consummation of this hope, or the putting into effect of alternative proposals which, though still of benefit to the Railways, may not utilise to an extent otherwise possible the railway facilities which exist.

To return to the year under review, the Brickworks were practically idle throughout, the only activity being in the production of firebricks and special shapes. The erection of all essential plant to make possible the commencement of small scale production of roofing tiles was completed, and the first tiles are now being produced.

Local clays are not easy to work, and the amount of investigation and experiments preliminary to manufacture has been very considerable indeed. However, capital outlay has followed investigation and the present plant, though laid out for a production which it is considered the market will be able to absorb, contains only those machines which are necessary to prove the product on a commercial scale.

The demand for the products of the Plywood department increased considerably and we can now claim to be established as a generally recognised producer of standard rubber chests which have fully withstood the tests of time. The introductory work on both the technical and sales sides has not been simple, but the results achieved during the year have fully supported our estimates of the possibilities. Prices have been very keen, but with the general improvement in commodity values which would seem to have set in, this position may soon right itself, especially as prices have not to appreciate very greatly to show us an entirely satisfactory return.

The increasing use of alternative means of packing rubber must inevitably continue to effect the consumption of plywood chests, especially where shipments are made direct from the producers of rubber to its consumers. This notwithstanding, it is thought that a demand for chests will continue, especially as it is unlikely that the cost of these in Malaya will ever again approach the prices which were demanded up to two or three years ago.

So that we may not be found unprepared in the unlikely event of rubber chests being entirely superseded, we are paying due attention to the development of alternative outlets for our rotary veneer. As a second string, we hope shortly to enter into the production of sliced veneer for general building and cabinet work both in this country and in export markets.

The erection of the wood distillation plant, to which reference was made last year, has been completed. A trial run of approximately a months duration, checked by a further run which has only quite recently been concluded, has produced quite satisfactory results and it is hoped to put the plant into regular commercial production at an early date.

As a matter of interest, I should like to mention that to facilitate the utilisation of the liquid byproducts of the distillation of wood, we have adapted part of the plant to the low temperature carbonisation of Malayan coal. To commence with, the throughput is small, but the oils produced will save the importation of similar products and we hope that this will be the forerunner of more important production.

The small pilot sawmill to which I have referred, has been erected from materials purchased with the large mill mentioned last year, and this will be used to prove costs and the suitability of products before further capital outlay on the larger mill is incurred.

Negotiations with Government regarding the area of some 25,000 acres of Forest land North of the Selangor River have proved rather more protracted than was expected. Final surveys are now in progress, and we trust that the outcome will make possible the acquisition of the area applied for upon mutually satisfactory terms.

The three miles of railway construction to which I have already referred as one of the capital works performed during the year, is an extension of our existing system into the Rantau Panjang Forest Reserve. While its primary object is to serve our current timber requirements, it is along the surveyed route of the line which we hope will eventually connect the proposed 25,000 acres of forest land with the mill at Batu Arang.

A considerable amount of further thought and work was devoted to the matter of the proposed Cement works at Batu Arang. Under the conditions which existed throughout the year, your Board were not disposed to place before you a recommendation to proceed with the installation. With most industries of the world, both primary and secondary, over provided with productive capacity, or at least with productive capacities considerably in advance of demand, it seemed unsound to advise the installation of this new plant. Added to this position, which will probably right itself in due course, was the trend of industrial development in Japan, or, to quote a Japanese authority, "the change in Japan from a negative trade policy, calculated to protect home industries, to a positive policy designed to systematise exports and to assist producers to overcome foreign suppressive measures against Japanese goods".

The development of Japanese exports has been truly amazing, and while it is evident that the ravaging of the markets of the world, with the combined aid of low wages, direct and indirect subsidies and heavily depreciated exchange cannot go on for ever, the Japanese manufacturer, while he enjoys the unstinted support of a steady and vigorous people, accustomed to and for the time satisfied with extremely simple conditions, must inevitably set entirely new standards of values in manufactured goods at least here in the  East.

In all your Boards deliberations this aspect has been very prominently to the fore. While it is agreed that, subject to demand for Cement within Malaya, the proposed manufacturing plant could be expected to give an entirely satisfactory account of itself, the conditions ruling and the low visibility which throughout the year frustrated attempts to take a normal and legitimate commercial view of the future, did not ensure those auspices for the establishment of a new industry which the undertaking called for.

While the matter was still under consideration, we were asked to consider a proposal for the transfer to Batu Arang of a British plant which was quite recently installed not very far distant from Malaya. A proposed basis for negotiations was drawn up for the consideration of the Company concerned, and this provided for the ultimate abandonment of production at the present site, and the supply of the requirements of the territory which the plant thereon was designed to serve, from the plant as re-erected at Batu Arang.

Though your Board were attracted by a proposal which might reasonably be described as the transfer of production from a less economical site to a more economical one, thus avoiding a nett increase in productive capacity and competition between British interests, and at the same time definitely increasing this Company's prospective demand, it was finally decided not to develop the proposal for recommendation to shareholders for adoption by your Company alone.

Feeling that the principle was sound, and having regard to the fact that the primary object of your Board was to develop a demand for coal which is the main product of your undertaking, your Board have indicated to the Company referred   to, a way   in which we   might   co-operate   with them in arranging for the transfer of their plant to Malaya. If this proposal should develop, each shareholder will be given an opportunity to participate according to his own wishes in the matter, while the Company's contribution and liability will be strictly limited to that which can be safely undertaken without resorting to the raising of capital, or in any way interfering with its dividend paying capacity.

In conclusion, I should like to say that your General Managers report very full support from the staff at Batu Arang, and your Board are fully appreciative of their services.

You will not wish to hear from me any reference to world economic conditions and I have no views to express, except that the year under review deserves credit for being one during which the world began to recover in spite of disorganised economic conditions, financial collapses, conference disappointments, political uncertainties and the one hundred and one minor adverse conditions which have prevailed. This I suggest is a most heartening achievement.

I will now formally propose that the Balance Sheet and Accounts to the 31st December 1933, and the Reports of the Directors and Auditors, be received and adopted, which resolution I will ask Mr. Martin to second.

Mr. Martin, in seconding the proposal, said: —

In seconding the proposal that the Balance Sheet and Accounts to the 31st December 1933 and the Reports of the Directors and Auditors be received and adopted, I should like to refer to the great loss which we have sustained by the death of Mr. J. A. Russell. The Chairman has set out our feelings in the matter, and I should like to associate myself very closely with the sentiments   expressed.

The results which we are able to shew on the years working of your undertaking reflect the times through which we are passing, and I hope you are not disappointed. I now have much pleasure in formally seconding the resolution before the meeting.

Mr. Lim Cheng Law, on rising to support the adoption of the Report and Accounts said: —

I would like to associate myself with the remarks made about the late Mr. J. A. Russell whose death has been such a loss to Malayan Collieries, and his name will be ever fresh in our minds.

I feel confident that I voice the cordial opinion of shareholders present in stating that we have to-day listened with extreme interest to the reports and speech the Chairman has given us. In the circumstances, they display no mean achievement on the part of the personnel of the Malayan Collieries. It does not need much insight to observe the growth of public opinion on all vital matters that concern the welfare of such a great enterprise. These healthy signs point to the great pains and good efforts of the directors.

With these few remarks 1 have much pleasure in supporting the adoption of the report and accounts as presented and trust that the recommendations for the appropriation of the amount available for distribution be carried into effect.

Mr. John Hands then addressed the Meeting as follows: —

First of all I should like to express my appreciation of the kindly thought of the directors in placing $500/- at the disposal of the Malayan Unemployment Committees. Another item in your Report is that you refer to the visits paid to the Collieries, the largest party being the Engineering Association of Malaya. I was fortunate to be one of those visitors and I should like to say how much I was impressed, not only by the entertainment that the Board provided for us, but by the condition of the whole plant as it appeared to a mechanical engineer. I was also pleased to see that the Board has provided amenities for their staff and labour force, and I wish to congratulate them on that.

The Chairman. I thank both Mr. Lim Cheng Law and Mr. John Hands for their remarks. Before I put the motion to the meeting 1 shall be pleased to answer if I can, any questions bearing upon the Report and Accounts which shareholders present may care to ask.

No questions were asked and the Reports and Accounts were unanimously adopted.

The Final Dividend of 4% was unanimously approved on the motion of the Chairman seconded by Mr. F. Cunningham.

The Directors remuneration of $20,000/- for the past year was unanimously carried on the motion of the Chairman seconded by Mr. E. D. Butler.

Mr. W. H. Martin was re-elected a Director on the proposal of the Chairman seconded by Mr.   A.  J.   Kelman.

Mr. F. Cunningham was re-elected a Director on the proposal of the Chairman seconded by Mr. R.  C.  Russell.

Mr. R. C. Russell was elected a Director on the proposal of the Chairman seconded by Mr. W.  H. Martin.

Mr. H. N. Ferrers proposed and Mr. P. W. Gleeson seconded that Messrs.   Evatt & Co.  be re-elected Auditors for the ensuing year.

Mr. C. R. Harrison addressed the Chairman and stated that he was a shareholder resident in England, and that he would like the Board to consider the advisability of remitting dividends to shareholders resident in England in the same manner as some Tin Companies registered in this country. He would like to receive Dividend Warrants as soon as possible after they were declared without having to wait about a month while the warrants were in the post. He did not consider that this would entail much trouble and it would be convenient to receive the dividends as early as possible after declaration. The Chairman thanked this shareholder for his suggestion and promised to go into the matter.

Mr. W.  H.  Martin then addressed the meeting as follows: —

Gentlemen, I wish you to join with me in a hearty vote of thanks to the General Managers, Secretaries and the Staff at the Mine. I can assure you we are indebted to them for the services they have rendered the Company. We have had their unstinted co-operation and it gives me much pleasure to move this vote of thanks.

This motion was seconded by Mr. Lim Cheng Law amid applause.

The meeting terminated with a vote of thanks to the Chair.

Printed by Kyle, Palmer & Co., Ltd., Kuala Lumpur.

Above from: MALAYAN COLLIERIES LIMITED REPORTS & BALANCE SHEETS AND PROCEEDINGS AT ANNUAL MEETINGS 1926- 1935 & MALAY MAIL, SATURDAY, MARCH, 31, 1924, ps10 &13, under headlines Malayan Collieries Final Dividend, Meeting Passes Ten Per Cent Total for the Year, Chairman on Labour Position  & “Truly Amazing” development of Japanese Exports, The Straits Times, 31 March 1934, Page 8 and p 9 MALAYAN COLLIERIES' YEAR. EARLY MONTHS AS 'DARKNESS BEFORE THE DAWN." THE BOARD'S POLICY OF DEVELOPMENT.

THE MALAY MAIL, THURSDAY, MARCH 29, 1934, p. 9 & The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 31 March 1934, Page 11 Late J. A. Russell’s Estate AN APPEAL AGAINST IPOH ASSESSMENT (From Our Correspondent) Ipoh, Wednesday. Before Mr. Justice Mudie in the Ipoh Supreme Court, H. H. Robbins, K. G. S. Russell, D. O. Russell and A. Beattie were the appellants in a suit against the Chairman, Kinta Sanitary Board, regarding assessment of certain properties situated in Ipoh township. Messrs. Harold Huntsman and H. R. Rix appeared for the appellants and Mr. J. L. Woods for the respondent. His Lordship, in partly allowing the appeal, said: This is an appeal against the valuation and assessment of the Kinta Sanitary Board of the property of the late J. A. Russell situate within the Sanitary Board area for the year 1933. Objections were made to the valuation of the Board, which were heard on January 11, 1933. The Board gave its decision on March 30, 1933 allowing some of the objections, but not to the extent that Mr. Russell desired. The appeal which he entered against the valuation of the Board is now prosecuted by his executors. The estate consists of 260 shop houses, the Isis and Choong Wah Cinemas, and five pieces of vacant land. $24,690 ASSESSMENT The valuation of the Sanitary Board is $1,703,400 for the built on property and $125,500 for the vacant land, making a total of $1,828,900. The assessment at 1.35 per cent. is $24,690.15. After the appeal was entered, but before the hearing, the respondent made an offer which was refused by the appellants, to settle the matter by reducing the assessment by 20 per cent. The respondent concedes that the valuation is too high and does not oppose the appeal to the extent of a reduction of 20 per cent. but resists any further reduction. It is contended for the appellants that the slump was at its worst in the early part of 1933, and that the value of house property was abnormally depreciated. Not only were the prices of our staple commodities low, but Chinese and Indian labourers had been repatriated in large numbers, with the result that houses stood empty or were occupied by a poor class of tenant, from whom it was difficult and often impossible to collect a much reduced rent. SHOPHOUSE RENTS WHAT FALL IN RENTS MEANT On the 1st January, 1933, 107 ½ of the 260 shop houses were unoccupied. The rents of the occupied ones had fallen from an average monthly rental of $74 in January, 1931, to $60 in January 1932, and to $37 in January, 1933. A fall of 50 per cent. in the rental as compared with 1931 indicates a considerable fall in the capital value, though not necessarily in the same proportion. The rates are payable on the unimproved value of the land as on the 1st of January, 1933. Unimproved value of land is defined in section 2 of the Sanitary Boards Enactment, 1929, as “the capital sum which the land might be expected to realize if offered for sale on such reasonable terms and conditions as a bona fide seller would require assuming that the improvements, if any, thereon or appertaining thereto and made by the owner or his predecessor in title had not been made.” It is clear that the definition contemplates a market for the property, and that the valuation of a given property will be obtained from a consideration of recent sales of similar properties in the same and neighbouring localities. Owing to the financial depression there has been no market for landed property in Ipoh since 1931. Sales of neighbouring properties about the material date, the 1st of January, 1933, have been so few that it is not possible to employ this method of valuing these properties. EXPERT WITNESSES The appellants have submitted another method of calculation based on the rental, which, after a deduction is made for outgoings, is capitalised at what is considered to be the appropriate rate for property of this class. Both Mr. Boutcher and Mr. Chisholm, the expert witnesses for the appellants, admit that the method is not an accurate one. Mr. Boutcher says that he would not use this method in normal times except as a check on his calculations based on sales. Mr. Chisholm admits that the method may be misleading, and that it is more liable to mislead in slump times than in normal times. The only justification they offer for the method is that they have no other. Colonel Rae, the respondent’s expert, says that, though the method may be useful as a rough guide in normal times, he is very doubtful of its reliability in times such as the present. Houses are often let at uneconomic and often merely nominal rents, and calculations based on such rents do not give the true value of the property. In Colonel Rae’s opinion it is not possible in times like these to arrive at a valuation by arithmetical methods. It is extremely difficult to arrive at a valuation at all. Besides the rent you have to take into consideration the potential value, which is uncertain and can only be arrived at after long experience. None of the experts had been able to suggest any method of estimating the amount to be allowed for unoccupied houses. Colonel Rae expressed the opinion that, whatever the amount is, it cannot be obtained by a process of arithmetical calculation. The valuations of the Board are not made by any arithmetical process. They are made by experts of long experience, equipped with local knowledge and all the available information which has any bearing on property values. It is contended for the respondent that in the absence of sales that is the only method of valuing property. It seems to me that a valuation obtained in that manner is open to the objection that highly skilled experts furnished with the best information are as liable to make mistakes as ordinary mortals, especially in a time when, as Colonel Rae has said, it is extremely difficult to arrive at any valuation at all. Their valuation is merely an opinion for which no reasons are given. It is liable to crumple up like a house of cards, as soon as it is challenged by a property owner who submits a valuation which he is able to support by moderately good reasons. The appellants have submitted a valuation, but their reasons in my opinion do not support it. The arithmetical calculations which we have considered do not persuade me that there is any ground for their contention that the property is overvalued. I am of opinion, therefore, that the valuation of the respondent, reduced by 20 per cent. should be maintained. Though the argument has been directed against the reduced figure, the appeal is against the original figure. The appeal will be allowed. The valuation and the assessment will be reduced by 20 per cent. The respondent will pay the appellants’ costs up to the date of his offer of a reduction of 20 per cent. The appellants will pay the respondent’s costs after that date.

The Straits Times, 2 April 1934, Page 10
 NOTES OF THE DAY. WOOD DISTILLATION It is interesting to see in the annual report of the Malayan Collieries a passage relating to the successful installation of a wood distillation plant. This is an exceedingly large and important industry in certain European countries possessed of large forests and, we believe, in certain of the Dutch East Indian possessions. The first attempt of the kind in Malaya was made in Pahang about six years ago, when an ambitious enterprise was begun with huge retorts in which jungle wood was “cooked”, and various products obtained. Unfortunately the venture was not a success, but there seems no reason why a company, equipped with such large capital and resources as Malayan Collieries, should not have better luck, having regard to the extensive market for charcoal which exists in this country and also for the demand for products such as acetic acid which are by products of this industry. The relevant passage in the company’s report is the following: “Wood Distillation Plant. The erection of this plant was completed and a trial run gave generally very satisfactory results. Various modifications have since been made and the plant as it now stands is in every way ready for commercial operation. In the meantime, markets are being developed for the various products and the results should make possible full-time operation when the new pilot sawmill is completed, the object being to utilise waste from the sawmill and the plywood works.”

The Straits Times, 3 April 1934, Page 12 . Town And Country In Malaya. Mr. J. A. Russell. The late Mr. J. A. Russell fully earned the right to be regarded as a man of vision, but we doubt whether even he, in the difficult days when he was launching his biggest venture, Malayan Collieries, Ltd., realised the extent to which the undertaking would grow. In the truest sense it will be his real memorial, for though the influence of the natural advantages of its situation cannot be entirely disregarded, both its present development and its promise for the future are phenomenal. They are indeed “ truly amazing’, to quote the words used by Mr. H.H. Robbins in another connection at the annual meeting in Kuala Lumpur last week. Reports of annual meetings of Malayan Collieries have always provided a good “story” in the journalistic sense, but we remember none of them so enthralling as Mr. Robbins’s speech. Much of it was necessarily occupied by the matter of fact examination and description of the year’s work and its results, a tale which with its promise of a definite change for the better constituted a message of hope not only for shareholders in the venture but all those whose living depends on the commerce of this country. - Malay Mail.

The Straits Times, 9 April 1934, Page 9 CHEERING WORDS AT NEW SERENDAH MEETING. Higher Profits, Dividend And Cuts Restored. (From Our Own Correspondent) Kuala Lumpur, Apr. 7. That part of the "cuts," imposed during the slump had been restored and a bonus given to the manager and his staff, and that the rising price of rubber had been responsible for an increased profit of $10,000 during the last three months, were the cheering words of Mr. D. H. Hampshire, presiding today at the annual meeting of the New Serendah Rubber Company. Ltd. It was also decided that the remuneration for the auditors Messrs. Neill and Bell, should be raised to the former amount, as matters were looking brighter. (Summary: conditions at beginning of 1933 had shown no improvement on preceding year but towards middle of year an upward improvement in price of rubber, no distribution to shareholders since 1929, payment of 2 ½% which will absorb the whole of the profit. Balance sheet, increased profits, Mr. Kennaway in close touch with estate, visits made by other directors, tapping good despite considerable movement in Chinese and Tamil labour. Whole of Chinese labour force left estate, barely sufficient labour for all routine work. Crop obtained 27,000lb under the estimate. Many estates not obtained estimated crops for past year due to adverse weather conditions and labour troubles. Yield highest recorded for one year in history of company. Policy of encouraging soft wood growths and ground covers continued. Experimental work under Mr. Rasmussen on oldest areas, remove bracken, and stagmoss. Close attention to forestry methods. Younger areas of 10 acres now 6 to 7 years old, still to be brought into bearing, first contour terrace planted area, no loss of top soil. Early months of 1932 effort to make ends meet, severe revision in salaries, manager accepted cut to his salary and the withdrawal of his transport allowance. Condition improved in middle of last year, one third of cuts restored, end of year bonus to manager and his staff. Beginning of this year further one third cut restored, subordinate staff salaries increased. As a result of reduction in salaries and various economies, company passed through slump with cash reserves intact. Table of last three years working. Loss of $8,572. Thank manager and staff, secretaries and agents for loyal cooperation. Forward contract. Proceeds. Messrs. R. C. Russell and M. J. Kennaway re elected directors.

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 5 May 1934, Page 9
 F.M.S. DISTRESS FUND List Of Donations Received In April, Malayan Collieries Ltd., $250.00. The Straits Times, 7 May 1934, Page 5
 F.M.S. EUROPEAN FUND. List of donations received in April:, Malayan Collieries Ltd. $250.

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 11 May 1934, Page 12 • PASSENGERS HOMEWARD The following passengers are proceeding per s.s. Naldera sailing at 9.30 a.m. to-day Friday), for Penang Colombo. Bombay and Europe: - …Mr. R. C. Russell…. PASSENGERS. [Articles] The Straits Times, 11 May 1934, Page 3 • PASSENGERS The following are passengers by the P and O s.s. Naldera which sailed at 9.30 this morning for Penang Colombo. Bombay and Europe: - …Mr. R. C. Russell….

• The Straits Times, 27 May 1934, Page 2
 • MAINLY ABOUT MALAYANS By THE WANDERER • Sir Clement Everett. An advertisement in the local newspapers for the sale of his house in Sherringham, Norfolk, recalls to mind the days when the late Sir Clement Everett used to be one of the lions of the local bar. Sir Clement was a born lawyer. When he first came to Singapore he specialised in criminal work and later appeared at some of the most famous trials in the history of the Settlement. Later, however he turned his attention to maritime cases, one of the principal actions in which he was concerned being the Warimoo vs Laetes case during the War. He also appeared in a number of marine inquiries locally. The writer also recalls how the influence of Sir Clement prevented a cause celebre in the early 1920’s, the coming to trail of which the whole country awaited eagerly. I refer to the libel action filed by the then chairman of Malayan Collieries Ltd., Mr. H. N. Ferrers, against the Straits Times and the then editor of the Straits Times, Mr. A. W. Still. The action arose in connection with a leading article in the Straits Times following a sensational speech by Mr. Ferrers at the annual general meeting of Malayan Collieries in which he mentioned the names of “Peck, Braddell and Still” in connection with the famous Malayan Collieries litigation which was then proceeding. The best counsel available in Singapore were retained by each party, Sir Clement Everett for the Straits Times and Mr. H. Carver for Mr. Ferrers. On the morning of the hearing it was stated that settlement had been arrived at. I learned afterwards that Mr. Still was very keen at the time that the case should go to trial, and that it was only the restraining influence of Sir Clement Everett which enabled a settlement to be arrived at. The public, however, were highly disappointed- they had missed a “ sensation”.

EXHIBITION SUPPLEMENT: THE MALAY MAIL, SATURDAY, JUNE 2, 1934 THE PLACE THAT NEVER STANDS STILL BATU ARANG: THE HOUSE OF NEW INDUSTRIES. COAL, BRICKS, TILES, PLYWOOD AND ACIDS. FACTORY WITH A 24 HOUR DAY. DEATH TO THE WHITE ANT. A CORRESPONDENT writes: “A motor drive of about 30 miles towards Kuala Selangor over the picturesque Kanching Pass and skirting the town of Rawang, brings one to the property of Malayan Collieries, Ltd, Batu Arang. The two words, of course, consist of the Malay name for coal. The visitor, with Home Collieries in mind, expects perhaps the dreary outlook which usually characterises such places, but is pleasantly surprised as soon as a bend in the final two miles of the private forest road reveals the pleasant valley from which some millions of tons of coal have already been mined and from which a vast quantity remains to be won. The fact that it is a coal mining locality does not obtrude. I had expected the great erections which carry the winding apparatus for cages and skips descending vertically underground, but at the East Mine I was able to walk down an incline into the bowels of the earth. On the same incline I saw coolies on their way to their next shift, while trucks full of coal ascended continuously to the surface to take their places as downward empties on the circuit after discharging their contents. If I started comfortably, progress soon became anything but comfortable. The deeper one goes the greater becomes the humidity, until at the lower levels the heat was extremely oppressive, and I decided that if fate decreed that I was to be a miner at all I would choose a surface job. There are plenty of interesting things on the surface and there were one or two surprises in store for me. CLEAN COAL EVERY DAY IS WASHING DAY. Fancy washing coal! But it is done. Anything dirty and likely to reduce the standard aimed at is first hand-picked and then washed. Every day is washing day at the impressive plant where this is done. Forty to fifty tons of coal per hour are dealt with, and the Company’s line and trucks are kept busy railing the coal to and from the Washery. At another portion of the property, quite a mile away from the East Mine, I saw a long line of trucks being loaded with sand. I then learned that for every ton of coal removed from underground a ton of sand is packed in its place. This was something I had not expected and I was interested to know the reason. It appears that Malayan coal is of such a nature that if subjected to roof crush it is liable to spontaneous combustion. This sand packing measure prevents this and also assists in the maximum possible extraction of coal. I considered the perspiring coolies with their lamps on their caps at the working faces, the long climb of the filled trucks to the surface, the journey to and from the Washery, the filling in of sand in that maze of tunnels and galleries and the vast pumping and haulage plant involved. Then I considered the market value of the resultant product and the greatest surprise of all was that there was any margin of profit left. BY-PRODUCTS POTENTIALITIES OF NEW INDUSTRIES. But to me the most interesting things at Batu Arang are only indirectly associated with mining. They are industries which may eventually vie with the mines in importance, but which owe their initiation to supplying the needs of the mines. It may be some time before the “tail wags the dog,” but it is impossible even on a short visit and a cursory survey of the brick, tile, plywood and wood distillation plants, not to be profoundly impressed with the potentialities of these industries. Bricks and timber are used in large quantities in mining. But the well equipped brickworks can now cater to the building needs of a large part of Malaya, and the raw materials used in the form of clays and shales are a by-product of the mining. First-class pressed and wirecut bricks of texture, colours and shades which would delight the heart of the discriminating builder can be turned out in millions. Perforated, honey-comb, and cavity bricks for light-weight transportation and construction, bullnosed shapes for ledges and corners, hollow blocks for partitions and heat or sound insulation, firebricks for furnaces and specially shaped for any size of arch, fireclay, roofing tiles—no need to go outside Malaya or outside the State for any of them. If a particular shape is wanted, it can be specially made on the spot. The present quietness of the market was reflected in the comparative inactivity of the plant at the time of my visit. PLYWOOD A FACTORY WORKING 24 HOURS A DAY But if the brickworks were not actually bustling for one reason the plywood factory was a buzzing hive of industry for another. A rapidly growing proportion of Malaya’s rubber is being packed in Malayan-made plywood chests, and so many are wanted just now that a 24 hour day is not long enough, and I was told that orders are being reluctantly refused where immediate delivery is required. Here I saw the most fascinating of machines in operation. A five-foot length of timber fresh from the jungle and straight from the pit where it is steamed to soften it, was clamped in position on a ponderous lathe. Upon revolving against a keen stationary knife a layer of wood about a sixteenth of an inch in thickness was peeled from the log. It came off in a continuous unbroken piece and a workman taking hold of the end carried it along a table as though it were a length of linoleum. At the limit of the table’s length the piece was broken, and the workman again took hold until layer was piled upon layer and the log, which was originally over three feet in diameter, was reduced to a core of only 7” across. The rest of the log had been resolved into scores of feet of plywood. Further down the long building the plywood was being stacked on wheeled racks ready for the big heating chamber, where it is thoroughly dried. In another spot the sheets were being run through the rolls of a machine which glues the three portions together. They are then piled up and subjected to the clenching embrace of a powerful hydraulic press. Two guillotines were busy cutting the sheets to the required sizes, the keen blades sheering through a score of sheets at a time. In another portion of the building, other machines deal cunningly with strips of metal for the binding strips, bending the edges and punching and cutting them into the required shapes. At the further end of the factory the finished sheets are graded, packed in shooks and loaded straight on to the waiting covered goods wagons to be distributed to all corners of Malaya. ACID FROM WOOD EXAMPLE OF SILENT EFFICIENCY One might arrive at the Wood Distillation Plant just across the way from Plywood with a brain that had about reached the saturation stage. But interest receives a fillip, for here is a marvel of a different order entirely. When the Plant is in full operation there is no clank of machinery, grinding of cogs, or whirr of wheels. It is a complete change from the restless pulsation of a busy manufactory for here the end is accomplished silently. Perched on a 15-foot foundation of masonry underneath which the retorts and furnaces are housed is a veritable maze of piping and tanks. Boiler shaped tanks, square tanks, round tanks, vertical tanks and dome shaped tanks—at least they were all tanks to me until I learned that some of them were stills and some condensers, some of steel, some of copper and some of iron. Then there was metal piping of all diameters running in all directions, twisted into all sorts of shapes and convolutions. The whole was dominated by a lofty metal stack from which the smoke poured. The functions of each part of the plant were patiently and courteously explained—but I was content to marvel without really understanding step by step just how the wonders were achieved. For a miracle it was to me. I had seen 50 tons of hardwood billets piled high in 16 trucks. Four just filled a giant 50- foot retort and there were four of these huge chambers. They were closed with heavy iron doors which were further hermetically sealed with fireclay. Next the furnaces were stoked up and the heat, which is carefully controlled and circulates around the retorts, does the rest. From those solid blocks of timber, there is distilled wood alcohol, disinfectants, wood preservatives of different grades and grey acetate of lime. This last provides the raw material from which acetic acid is made. What is left when the retort is opened is a splendid quality of charcoal which finds a ready market. In the adjacent laboratory an enthusiastic chemist further enlightened one or two of us. Patent investigation and many trials had shown that a combination of tar oils distilled half from Malayan wood and half from Malayan coal made a wood preservative of superlative grade, the toxic or fungicidal qualities of which at least equalled the best imported article. “MALASOL” KEY TO THE WHITE ANT PROBLEM. Right here in Malayan coal and timber is the key to the prevention of the ravages of Malayan white ants and the disintegrating influence on its timbers of damp ground and dry rot. And that is not all, for further experiments have proved that here were the raw materials for the main ingredients of a disinfectant of the creosote class proved to be many times more powerful than pure carbolic acid. In fact those responsible for the immense amount of patient research which has obviously been devoted to the evolution of “Malasol” which this new product has been named, claim that it can be produced in a more highly concentrated form than any disinfectant currently on the market. I have at the back of my mind a statement to the effect that one part of “Malasol” to 800 parts of water would kill typhoid germs in a few seconds. Just imagine a mixture of one in 800 being capable of killing anything with even unlimited time at its disposal for the purpose. Those conversant with the history of Batu Arang say that it has never stood still. I got the impression that it never will. Consider the colossal amount that has been and is being expended by Malaya on imported goods from sources which know not the meaning of reciprocity. When one is reminded so forcibly that the raw material is right at hand in this country and that the technical skill is available to turn it into useful products, which otherwise must be imported, one can be excused the pious hope that Batu Arang industries may continue to develop. This consists only of some impressions of Batu Arang but I must not conclude without a reference to the charm of Batu Arang hospitality which, if you have the opportunity of sampling it, you will agree with me conforms to the best Malayan traditions. Need I say more?

The Straits Times, 8 June 1934, Page 10
 The Straits Times SINGAPORE. FRIDAY. JUNE 8, 1934. ( Editorial ) AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT. Plenty of manure in the ground, steady tillage, clean weeding and crop rotation. Such was the gospel of the farmer of half a century ago, and the conservatism revealed by a belief in such tenets was shared by the Malayan planter of 20 years, or even ten years ago. (Summary: 13 years ago organized experiments introduced, Serdang Station…alternative crops… description of visits to Serdang by Planting Correspondent. Articles first of their kind…Former articles in series have included visits to .. Boh Plantations…) (690 words) 


The Straits Times, 21 June 1934, Page 4 & The Straits Times, 22 June 1934, Page 4 
 • MALAYAN COLLERIES LTD Notice of Declaration of Dividend No 54 and Closure of Share Registers….First Interim Dividend of 2 ½ %... J. A. Russell and Co., June 19, 1934

The Straits Times, 23 June 1934, Page 13 and The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser , 25 June 1934, Page 11
 Lancaster Was Bribed. 
EFFORTS TO TRACE FORMER MANAGING DIRECTOR. Mr. Mundell’s Evidence In Ban Hin Gold Mines Suit. (From Our Own Correspondent.) Ipoh, June 21. Continuing his opening address in the case in which Ban Hin Gold Mines are suing Oh Kay Ben and Chin Nam Kong. (Summary: Mr. Braddell’s opening address in case about the floating of the company in 1930. Mr. Lancaster was managing director of company, Lancaster disappeared. Mr. Grigg who had prospected the mine was left to pay his bills. Grigg is mentioned as “ now being employed by Malayan Collieries at Batu Arang in Selangor”.) (2659 words) 


The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser , 26 June 1934, Page 10
 RUBBER FOR ROOFS. MALAPLY AND LAYER OF EBONITE. Laub Compounded Latex Process. In the December issue of the R.G.A. Bulletin there appeared a reference, under Editorial, to the use of rubber as a roofing material. This arose out of a letter to The Times, in which the use of rubber was suggested in place of the thatch at present used for roofing native huts in British West Africa. In this connection the Director of the Rubber Research Institute of Malaya has written suggesting that plywood covered on one or both sides with a thin layer of ebonite might constitute a useful material for roofing purposes. Continuing he writes: “ As you may be aware, large sheets of material of this kind were formally made direct from compounded latex by Mr. George Laub in Malaya. These sheets were used as partitions for latex tanks in place of the “all ebonite” sheets, when the price of latex and rubber became too expensive. The plywood itself can be prepared by using concentrated latex as the adhesive. • Malayan Collieries, Ltd., who manufacture a local plywood for rubber chests

, etc., known as ‘ Malaply’, have recently consulted us re the use of latex as an adhesive instead of the usual casein glue compound. Some samples which they have prepared appeared to be very satisfactory and are superior to those made with the glue adhesive in respect of their behaviour on wetting. • “It is suggested that, for use as a roofing material, a thin layer of ebonite on both sides of the plywood would be preferable, since the wood would be protected from decomposition by fungi or insects. Such material can be made in fairly large pieces, which would cheapen the cost compared with ordinary tiles. Few, if any, breakages would occur and the material is very light in weight. The material can also be cut into suitable sizes by sawing.” Samples of the compounded latex material made under the Laub process are available for inspection at the Association’s offices should any member be interested.

The Straits Times, 17 August 1934, Page 3 , The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 21 August 1934, Page 12 RAWALPINDI. Passengers For Straits Ports. The Rawalpindi which left Marseilles on Aug. 10 carries the following passengers for Penang and Singapore: Mr. R. C. Russell….PASSENGERS [Articles] The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 3 September 1934, Page 12 PASSENGERS The following were passengers for Singapore on the Rawalpindi which arrived on Friday. Mr. R. C. Russell….

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, Wednesday 29 August 1934, Page 8
 (Editorial) Cameron Highlands FOR years Malaya has lagged a long way behind other Eastern countries in the provision of proper hill stations and until the discovery of Cameron Highlands this was accepted as an unavoidable evil. With the Highlands, however, a change came over the situation. (Summary: Possibilities in Highlands, end of slump, rapid development to make up for time lost in past four years, key issue absence of roads, Government has spent $4.000,000, in building the present main road. “Against this it has been estimated that during the past four years private enterprise has spent $2,000,000 at the Highlands and a considerable portion of this has gone to the making of access roads. Altogether, excluding the main access road and some branches that entirely serve the residential area at Tanah Rata, private enterprise has constructed some 14 miles of road on Government land, against 10 miles of road provided by Government outside this residential area. Here is where the pioneers who are attempting to develop the Highlands under considerable difficulties have a legitimate grievance because these private roads serve to open up many areas of land from which Government derives revenue besides that portion belonging to the person providing the road. It is contended that in the past Government has derived a very considerable sum from premia for lands alienated and continues to collect quit rents yearly the moment the land is alienated, so that the provision of 10 miles of road is ill balanced with these large sums of money, even as a business proposition from the Government's point of view. • The Cameron Highlands Society, though still in its infancy, is struggling to impress on Government the necessity of serving the areas in the Telom Valley with proper roads… It is also pointed out that in many cases private enterprise has pushed on ahead in the making of roads, the cases of Mr. Milne, with Boh Plantations, and Messrs. Cowling, Lander, Wilkins, Drewet, Symes, Robb, Brunton and Evans being cited in support”…society suggests loan… 4 year scheme of development, lands can grow foodstuffs, “The general public of Malaya does not yet appreciate the sacrifices which are being made by the pioneers at Cameron Highlands or the progress which is being made in the face of considerable difficulties. Like all pioneers they will be appreciated too late “… no lack of capital.. “neglect is neither wise statesmanship nor good business”. (954 words) 


The Straits Times, 5 September 1934, Page 10 NOTES OF THE DAY. MALAYAN TEA. How long will it be before Malaya is brought into yet another restriction scheme- the tea scheme? The firm of J. A. Russell and Co. owns a very up-to–date tea estate at Cameron Highlands, comprising about a thousand acres, but perhaps it hopes to evade the restriction scheme by concentrating on a local market. Anyway there is little hope of development of the remaining 30,000 acres of tea land at the Highlands if the fate of East Africa is any guide. At the “suggestion” of the International Tea Committee, the Governments of Kenya, Uganda, the Tanganyika Territory, and Nyasaland have agreed to limit the area of new planting of tea during the currency of the tea control scheme, which expires in 1938. They have also agreed to prohibit the export of tea-seed. The total area for new planting of tea in the four territories has been fixed at 7,900 acres. If this is the acreage allotted to East Africa, which already has a number of immature estates, what hope is there of the Colonial Office permitting extensive tea planting at the Highlands.?

Letter from Boh Plantations to the Secretary to Resident, Pahang. 8th September 1934 BOH PLANTATIONS LTD. POST BOX 245, Kuala Lumpur, 8th Sept., 1934. Sir, We have the honour to refer to the visit of the Hon’ble the British Resident to Boh Estate on the 3rd instant when the possibility of the Federated Malay States participating in the International Tea Restriction agreement was mentioned. 2. This company is anxious to proceed with financial negotiations to cover the development of the unplanted portion of its property and would, therefore, ask for some assurance from Government that no restriction will be placed on the planting of these reserve lands in tea. We have etc., BOH PLANTATIONS LIMITED J.A. RUSSELL & CO. Sgd: ? The Secretary to Resident, Pahang. From National Archives of Malaysia. Divisional Office of Selangor (3621/1934). Transcribed by P.C

Concerning Boh Plantation From whom Secretary to Resident Place Pahang Date 17.9.34 Indexed under 1.Name 2. Tea Application by Messrs. Boh Plantations Ltd., To plant tea on reserve lands held by them 3. Reserve Lands MINUTES (1) Letter from S. R. Pahang dated 17. 9. 34 U. S. Submitted 2. In (2) in Conf. 13/34 the S. of S. tentatively suggested that additional tea planting should be limited to 10% of the present planted area, 2787 acres vide (11) in the same paper, in para. 4 and 7 of which we said we must in any case have 20,000 acres. The S. of S’s reply (14) is not clear as to whether he accepts even our 20,000 acres. Presumably however we are not yet bound by the suggested 10%. 3. It would probably be of assistance to know exactly what area Boh Plantations proposes to plant with tea. Sgd: H. C. R. Rendle 27.9.34 S. R. Pahang Please see F. S. Conf. 13/34. You will see that the situation is still under discussion and the Resident will probably not wish to give any assurances to the Company at present. Itd: N. R. J. U. S. 28.9.34 U. S. F. S. Conf. 13/34 seen and returned herewith. 2. Messrs. Boh Plantations wish to plant up with tea practically the whole of their present area (about 4,000 acres) which they got for that purpose. They have also erected a large factory. The resident thinks that the question of a tea planting quota should be discussed in R. C. at an early date. Meanwhile he thinks the company should wait. Itd: A. J. Gracie S. R. Phg 2.10.34 C. S. G. For discussion at R. C? vide F. S. Conf. 13/34 Itd: A. J. Gracie S. R. Phg 2.10.34 Yes. Itd: M. B. S. S. R. Phg 3.10.34 (2) Circular Jacket to B. Rs. Received 11.10.34 F. S. 3621-34 to B. R. Plc sent 15.10.34 From National Archives of Malaysia. Divisional Office of Selangor (744/1934). Transcribed by P.C

The Straits Times, 20 September 1934, Page 9
 • BIG PROFIT OF $56,934. • Amalgamated Malay Estates, Ltd. • A profit of $75,509 is reported by Amalgamated Malay Estates. Ltd. whose annual general meeting will be held on Sept. 26, at Kuala Lumpur. Of this sum, it is recommended that $51,457.84 representing a final dividend of seven per rent should be paid. The report states: (Summary: net profit $56,934, dividend of 7%, Jinjang Estate reopened, output, total crop 641,500lb, gross price realized averaged 14.47 cents per lb. A.B.C. system continued. Directors have made visits. Health satisfactory and labour force adequate. Area sublet for mining at Jinjang increased. Mr. Athorne granted 6 months special leave in April, Serdang estate been in charge of Mr. O. H. Halcrow. Jinjang temporarily supervised by Mr. G. Trevor Koch. Messrs. R. C. Russell and J. S. Weston were both absent on leave during the year under review and Messrs. J. H. Clarkson and A. Mustard acted as their alternates. Mr. J. S. Weston retires offer himself for re election) • (409 words) 


The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 20 October 1934, Page 8
 DAY TO DAY Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Clarkson left Penang for Kuala Lumpur on Wednesday by the night mail.

The Straits Times, 20 September 1934, Page 9 • BIG PROFIT OF $56,934. • Amalgamated Malay Estates, Ltd. • A profit of $75,509 is reported by Amalgamated Malay Estates. Ltd. whose annual general meeting will be held on Sept. 26, at Kuala Lumpur. Of this sum, it is recommended that $51,457.84 representing a final dividend of seven per rent should be paid. The report states: (Summary: net profit $56,934, dividend of 7%, Jinjang Estate reopened, output, total crop 641,500lb, gross price realized averaged 14.47 cents per lb. A.B.C. system continued. Directors have made visits. Health satisfactory and labour force adequate. Area sublet for mining at Jinjang increased. Mr. Athorne granted 6 months special leave in April, Serdang estate been in charge of Mr. O. H. Halcrow. Jinjang temporarily supervised by Mr. G. Trevor Koch. Messrs. R. C. Russell and J. S. Weston were both absent on leave during the year under review and Messrs. J. H. Clarkson and A. Mustard acted as their alternates. Mr. J. S. Weston retires offer himself for re election) • (409 words)

The Straits Times, 21 September 1934, Page 4 & The Straits Times, 22 September 1934, Page 4. MALAYAN COLLIERIES, LTD Notice of Declaration of Dividend No 55. Etc. 2 ½% J. A. Russell & Co. K.L. September 19, 1934

The Straits Times, 22 September 1934, Page 12 
F.M.S. AND SIAMESE RAILWAY OFFICIALS MEET. Revision Of 1918 Agreement. (From Our Own Correspondent.) Kuala Lumpur, Sept. 21. The three-day Joint conference between the Royal State Railways of Slam and the F.M.S Railways which began here on Tuesday morning, was an unqualified success. Agreement was reached in all matters deliberated on. (Summary: agreement on rates, costs of joint stations, visits to railway workshops, experimental agricultural station, “ and an opportunity was kindly afforded them by the Malayan Collieries Ltd., to visit the Collieries property at Batu Arang” ..entertained to dinner delegates enjoyed visit) (295 words) 
 



The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 28 November 1934, Page 8 DAY TO DAY Mr. H. H. Robbins, of J. A. Russell and Co., Kuala Lumpur, has just concluded a brief visit to Ipoh.

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 30 November 1934, Page 7
 & The Straits Times, 30 November 1934, Page 13
 TIGER CARRIES OFF A COW. Met By Overseer. EUROPEAN TO ATTEMPT TO "BAG" IT. • Cow Carried Off By Tiger BEAST SEEN BY MAN ON MAIN ROAD (From Our Own Correspondent.) Ipoh, Nov. 29. Some time last night a cow belonging to Mr. Lacey, a resident of Cameron Highlands, was killed in a shed by a tiger, and dragged some distance. The carcase was discovered at the junction of the main road and a private road leading to Boh Plantations. A public works department overseer states he met the tiger on the main road near Doyle’s veterinary sanitorium last night. Mr. Kenneison, a resident of the Cameron Highlands, will try to shoot the tiger tonight and the carcase has been left as bait.

12 Dec 1934 J. A. R. and Co. make agreement with Don Russell to take over the Merchant Businesses. Source: Summary of Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Directors of J. A. Russell & Co Ltd. 18 Mar 1935

The Straits Times, 18 December 1934, Page 4
 ,The Straits Times, 19 December 1934, Page 4, The Straits Times, 20 December 1934, Page 4 . PUBLIC NOTICES MALAYAN COLLIERIES, LTD Notice of Declaration of Dividend No 56. Etc. 2 ½% J. A. Russell & Co. K.L. December 17, 1934

18 December 1934 First meeting of J.A.R. & Co. Ltd. Source: Summary of Minutes of the meeting of the Board of Directors of J. A. Russell & Co Ltd. 18 Mar 1935 (No minutes found)

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 24 December 1934, Page 6
 The Directors of Malayan Collieries. Ltd., have declared a third interim dividend of 2 ½% per cent, in respect of the year ending Dec. 31. • 



FEDERATED MALAY STATES. FEDERATED MALAY STATES. DEVELOPMENT OF THE CAMERON HIGHLANDS UP TO THE END OF 1934 AND INFORMATION CONCERNING THE HIGHLANDS. KUALA LUMPUR: Printed at the Federated Malay States Government Press By W. H. Wyatt, GOVERNMENT Printer. 1935 420-300—14-10-35. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CAMERON HIGHLANDS UP TO THE END OF 1934 AND INFORMATION CONCERNING THE HIGHLANDS. The earlier history of the Cameron Highlands is contained in Federal Council Paper No. 13 of 1932 and the scope of this present report will be confined to giving a short note on developments since that paper was published and a review of the present position. Federal Council Paper No. 13 of 1932 takes matters up to the time the Cameron Highlands Development Committee handed over control to the Government of Pahang. ADMINISTRATION. The Cameron Highlands Development Committee ceased its functions at the end of 931 and since that date the Highlands have been administered just as any area of the State of Pahang. A European Assistant District Officer, under the supervision of the District Officer, Lipis, has been stationed there since 1st July, 1931. On 14th August, 1931, a considerable area in the mukim of Tanah Rata was declared to be a full Sanitary Board area. At the same time an area in Ringlet was made subject to certain sections of the Sanitary Board Enactment. A Sanitary Board composed of five official and four unofficial members has administered these areas since their declaration as Sanitary Board areas and has held eight meetings. At present assessment at a flat rate of $2 per mensem per private house is charged and a water-rate of $4 per mensem per house is collected. FINANCE. Since 1st January, 1932, the following sums of money have been spent on development work: 0. $277,900 0. 119,900 1934 56,319 Land Office revenue has so far been as follows: 1932 $47,510 1933. ... 25,200 1934. .... ... 25,130 Sanitary Board revenue has so far not reached a high figure and is as follows: 1932 ... $ 320 1933 1,538 1934 3,450 CLIMATE. The average maximum temperature at Cameron Highlands is 72°F. and the average minimum 56°F. The monthly averages for both maximum and minimum vary only through a range of about 4° but the highest maxima are usually recorded in May and the coldest minima in January and February. The lowest temperature on record is 42°F. The average annual rainfall is 108 inches. The wettest months are usually November, December and January which have an average of 13 or 14 inches each. The driest months are usually June, July and August with an average of about 4 inches each. The encircling mountains protect the Highlands from mist and the atmosphere is never unpleasantly damp. The average number of hours of bright sunshine per day is 4 ½. June, July and August, with an average of nearly six hours, are the sunniest months. 2 a.—CLIMATE. The above figures are recorded at Tanah Rata at a height of about 4,700 feet. Ringlet, at about 3,600 feet, is on the average 5 or 6 degrees warmer and has a little more sunshine than Tanah Rata but its rainfall is practically the same. 2b. —TOPOGRAPHY AND SCENERY. Just south of its highest point, the central mountain-range of Malaya throws off a spur roughly at right angles, to the east. About twenty miles further south the central range itself turns for a few miles before resuming its southerly course. Valleys running in from three sides of the rough square thus formed meet in what Cameron, the discoverer of the Highlands, described as a vortex. There is no plateau. Many of the valleys are gorges and most of them are narrow but in a few places they widen-out into considerable areas of flat land. The background, whether distant or near, is everywhere the same, jungle-covered mountains rising steeply for another 1,000 or 2,000 feet. The road up to the Highlands and most of the roads within the Highlands wind along steep hill-sides above swift-running rocky streams, which here and there plunge over waterfalls. Shady jungle paths explore the secrets of the streams where their descent is too rapid for roads. From the residential area it is only half an hour's walk to the top of the range, which is low at this point. To the east are the high mountain-valleys where the jungle is gradually giving way to tea and coffee and grassland and houses with gardens. To the west the mountains fall precipitously down into the Kinta valley, five or six thousand feet below: patches of gold show where the Perak River reflects the sunlight as it winds across the plain: in the distance the sky fades into the sea. ROADS. 1. The following lengths of access roads were completed in 1934: (i) The Tengkolok Road (formerly southern access road), 1 mile 53 chains. (ii) The Sultan Abu Bakar Road (formerly northern access road), 2 miles. (iii) The connecting road between the main road near the Cameron Highlands Hotel and the Sultan Abu Bakar Road, half-a-mile. The Tengkolok Road branches off the main road at the Tanah Rata Police Station, and the Sultan Abu Bakar Road at the Public Works Department office at Brinchang. In 1934 a branch road was completed from Tanah Rata Police Station to the, proposed village site (Cameron Highlands Committee's proposal), this includes a substantial timber bridge across the River Bertam. All these roads are of standard second class type and have water-bound macadam metalling twelve feet wide. In addition to the roads detailed above, 41 chains of metalled road and 16 chains of gravelled back lane, with necessary culverts and a bridge over the River Bertam, were completed at Lubok Tamang village site in January, 1932. At present Lubok Tamang shows no signs of developing. 2. There are now 18.63 miles of metalled road and 13.79 miles of unmetalled roads and 90.13 miles of paths constructed by Government, on the Highlands. WATER SUPPLY. The construction of a reinforced concrete storage reservoir and the laying of mains from Brinchang to Tanah Rata were completed in 1932. An intake dam, spill weir and reinforced concrete sedimentation tanks were started in 1932 and finished early in 1933. By using a temporary intake at the headworks until the permanent works were ready, water has been supplied to public standpipes at Tanah Rata and private residences in the Bintang area since 1932. Filters have been omitted for the present, but a temporary chlorinating plant is in use and a small storage reservoir is to be erected at Tanah Rata in 1935. The total expenditure on waterworks up to 31st December, 1934, was $99,643. PATHS. The following paths were commenced in 1932 and completed in 1933: (1) Brinchang to Kuala Terla, length about 10 miles with a branch 67 chains long to Bukit Palas. 2. Ringlet up the Ringlet valley for a distance of 1 mile 28 chains. 3. A new path is in hand from Kuala Terla valley in the direction of the Perak boundary. All these paths are nominally eight feet wide and are constructed for use by light motor vehicles. (4) A list of bridle-paths for walking to view-points, etc., is inserted under” Recreation". OTHER WORKS. The work of diversion and canalisation of the River Bertam at Tanah Rata was carried out in 1932 at a cost of $27,379.74. The draining and laying out of the Bintang recreation area have progressed as funds permitted and a nine-hole golf course should soon be available. Since 1931 the only permanent public building completed has been the telephone exchange. ELECTRIC LIGHT. Electric light and power is provided by the Cameron Highlands Electric Supply Co., Ltd. This small Company was incorporated with the idea of following the development of the Highlands so that a supply of electric power would be available from the start, thus avoiding the necessity of residents having to go to the expense of installing any independent form of lighting. The demand is met at present by one set consisting of a Tangye crude oil engine capable of developing 32 h.p. at sea level. A 60 h.p. Ricardo crude oil engine is on order. The Company proposes to supply houses within an area of 1 ½ miles with L.T. current, 230 volts to neutral. Beyond this distance, current will be supplied from pole type transformers at 3,300 volts and then stepped down to 400 volts, 3-phase, 230 volts to neutral. Current is sold by meter at 30 cents per unit, but as residence in the Highlands is seasonal, the Company find it necessary to charge a minimum charge of $10 per house to cover the fact that for part of the year many of the houses may be vacant. AGRICULTURE. The general line of development has been for agricultural land to be taken up in Ringlet mukim on both sides of the main road, 28th mile to 33rd mile, along the earth road by the Sungei Ringlet, which leaves the main road before Ringlet at the 28 ½ mile, and along the road to Boh Plantations which leaves the main road at the 32nd mile. In the mukim of Ringlet some 900 acres have been alienated for agriculture. The chief crops grown are coffee and vegetables, certain areas also are planted with citrus fruit, some of which have recently produced a small crop. On three holdings a few dairy cattle have been introduced and in the northern half of the mukim one holding has been developed as a veterinary sanatorium where race horses are sent from the plains to recuperate. Boh Plantations, though situated in Ulu Telom mukim, lie along the boundaries of Ringlet mukim. They lie close to the agricultural areas of Ringlet and remote from the other agricultural holdings of Terla, so a note on this, the most developed agricultural enterprise on the Highlands, is inserted here. BOH PLANTATIONS. The original grant of approximately 5,000 acres was granted to the Company in the valley of the Sungei Boh in 1929 and by the end of 1929, 55 acres had been planted in tea and 350 acres had been felled for development. In 1930 and 1931 planting was pressed forward and at the end of 1931, 535 acres had been planted in tea, 193 acres in coffee and 620 acres felled for future development. In 1932 a re-orientation of the boundaries of the Company's property took place as it had become evident that a large portion of the 5,000 acres originally approved lay at lower elevations than were considered suitable for the production of the best possible quality tea. A large area of the high elevation land between 5,000 feet and 6,000 feet above sea level and adjacent to the original boundaries was included at the expense of the low elevation land and the whole property of the estate reduced to 4,037 acres. During the year plucking of an experimental nature, took place over the tea area planted during 1929 and the leaf so produced was sold to a Chinese contractor who, by somewhat primitive methods, converted it into a “semi-fermented” tea which found a ready sale amongst the Chinese community on the plains. At the end of the year there were 610 acres planted in tea. The following is the total development progress at the end of the year: 
 610 acres planted in tea
 193 “ “ coffee 36 “ “ cardamoms 659, felled for future development 2,539, of reserve virgin forest Total ... 4,037 During 1933 the access road was constructed. The distance from the main Government road (main road Tapah-Tanah Rata at the 82nd mile) to the estate boundary is 2 ¾ miles and from this boundary a further 1 ¼ miles was constructed to connect with the developed portion of the estate. A start was made on a factory site. At the end of the year progress made was as follows: 
610 acres planted in tea. 
196, coffee. 50, cardamoms. 642, felled for future development. 2,539, in reserve virgin forest. Total ... 4,037, 1934. —With the excavation of the factory site completed early in the year building operations commenced on the 1st of April and the first manufacture of commercial black tea by the process generally employed in Ceylon and India took place on the 28th July, just four months later and has continued regularly since. The first consignment of tea was sold in London during November realising not unsatisfactory prices considering that the leaf being plucked and manufactured is in the main part still very immature and that with the unskilled labour manufacturing conditions at the start left much to be desired. It is considered that a year or two will elapse before the larger portion of the present planted areas matures sufficiently to give the high quality tea which the Company expects to produce, and, has in fact indications, will' be produced. GENERAL. The boundary of the mukims of Ringlet and Tanah Rata crosses the main road at the 36th mile, and from the 36th mile to the 43rd mile, that is, past Tanah Rata village, Bintang and Brinchang, no area has been taken up for agriculture. But beyond this point along the earth road to Kuala Terla 51st mile and along the earth road to Sungei Palas which ends at the 44 ½ mile, 4,700 acres have been given out for agriculture. In this 4,700 acres is included, in addition to some smaller areas, 1,200 acres alienated to Mr. Cowling, and known as Blue Valley Estate, approached by a 4-mile private road from Kuala Terla. This area is not yet planted up. On Sungei Palas, which lies on the east of the Sungei Palas Estate Road, there are some 70 acres of tea planted and there are seedlings in the nursery sufficient to plant 200 acres more. A dairy farm has been started at the 43rd mile known as Kea Farm, about 333 acres form the farm property of which 280 acres have been felled, 80 acres have been planted with grass and 7 acres form a vegetable and flower garden. There are 1 bull, 11 cows and 14 calves on the farm and the output of milk is 12 gallons per day. Much of the farm land is very steep. Other crops started in this area are Tung oil, coffee, vegetables including potatoes, fruits, grasses, New Zealand flax, but much of the area alienated has either not been cleared yet or has not gone beyond the clearing stage. It will be seen from the foregoing that it is, as yet too early to say that any one form of agricultural activity has proved itself conclusively to he a definite at Cameron Highlands. However, it is to be hoped that there will be a considerable and easily accessible local market in the future; this market should afford to hill agriculturists an indication as to the lines they may expect to develop with profit. GOVERNMENT EXPERIMENTAL PLANTATIONS. The experimental stations opened by the Department of Agriculture, Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States, early in 1926 are still being maintained. A small tea factory was erected in 1931 and the manufacture of tea commenced during April, 1932. Samples of made tea have been sent to London and Colombo for valuation from time to time. The results of these valuations indicate that tea grown on Cameron Highlands is comparable with "mid-country" Ceylon tea. Samples of hand prepared coffee were also sent to London at the end of 1932 and 1933 and were valued at from 70 to 75/- (shillings) per cwt. In addition to the above two crops, cardamoms, cinchona, tung oil, citrus fruits and vegetables are being grown on a small scale. A small poultry station was opened at the end of 1933 to study the local dietetic and pathological problems. TERMS FOR ALIENATION OF LAND FOR AGRICULTURE. At present no grants are given out in the Highlands. Ninety-nine year and fifteen-year leases are given and annexures I and II give the terms. SILT. It may be of interest to observe that there is no condition dealing with silt. Control is now maintained by means of the Silt (Control) Enactment No. 22 of 1922. BUILDINGS. So far there are no permanent shop-houses on Cameron Highlands. There are nine temporary shops at Ringlet and 20 at Tanah Rata. The permanent site of Tanah Rata village has now been decided on and it is hoped that the establishment of a permanent village will commence in 1936. There are also a few shacks at Brinchang. Shop-houses will probably be wanted at Brinchang if the nearby "Services area" is developed. RESIDENTIAL. There are now 33 good houses in the mukim of Ringlet and of these, 11 may be said to exist solely as hill residences. The rest are on larger lots on which the house owners are endeavouring to conduct some form of agricultural activity. At Tanah Rata there are four dwelling-houses (other than clerks' quarters), of which three are official houses. In and near the Bintang golf course there are now seven houses completed and two in course of construction. The terms for building land in the area are as in annexure III. As yet there are no official houses at Cameron Highlands. There is a private house belonging to His Highness the Sultan of Perak and known as the Istana Kayangan. HOTELS AND REST-HOUSE. There is now a hotel with accommodation for 40 guests. This was opened on 1st February, 1934, and is situated at Bintang, overlooking the golf course. Extensions are already contemplated. A hotel has just been completed at Tanah Rata. Accommodation for 24 guests is provided. There is a wooden rest-house at Tanah Rata capable of accommodating 14 guests. The terms are at present as follows: Cameron Highlands Hotel ... ... ... $8 per person per day Green Cow Tavern ... ... ... ... $5 “ “ Asiatic Hotel ... ... ... ... ... ... $7 “ “ Rest-house... ... ... ... ... ... ... $4.50 to $5 per person per day COMMUNICATIONS. The road to Cameron Highlands branches off the main road from Singapore to Penang at Tapah. It is wide and gently-graded and has a good surface. The distance from Tapah to Ringlet is 28 miles and from Tapah to the residential area, Tanah Rata, 39 miles. The total distances by road from the chief towns of Malaya to the residential area are approximately as follows: From Singapore ... ... ... ... ... ... 390 miles ,, Kuala Lumpur 150 ,, ,, Ipoh ... ... ... ... ... ... 75 ,, ,, Penang ... ... ... ... ... 210 ,, Malacca 250 ,, Those who wish to travel by railway can book through tickets from any station to the Highlands and will find cars awaiting them at Tapah Road Station. The time-table for trains is at present as follows: From Singapore and Kuala Lumpur arrive Tapah Road at 11.56 noon and 12.06 midnight. From Penang and Ipoh arrive Tapah Road at 2.41 p.m. and 2.45 a.m. For Singapore and Kuala Lumpur depart Tapah Road at 2.50 p.m. and 2.50 a.m. For Penang and Ipoh depart Tapah Road at 12.04 noon and 12.12 midnight. The car-journey between Tapah Road and the Highlands residential area occupies about two hours. Leaving Singapore by the night mail at 10 o'clock it is possible to arrive in time for a late luncheon at the Highlands on the following day. The same train leaves Kuala Lumpur at 8.30 in the morning. Leaving Penang at 8.30 in the morning one arrives at the Highlands in time for tea. Further particulars are given in a folder published by the Federated Malay States Railways called "Holidays at the Hill-stations of Malaya". LIVING CONDITIONS. The cost of living at Cameron Highlands is a little higher than in the large towns of the Peninsula owing to the extra cost of transport. It is to be expected that the difference will become less noticeable as increasing demand justifies larger consignments and encourages competition. Labour also is a little more expensive than in the larger centres. Coolies naturally ask for higher pay in order to cover the higher cost of rice and other necessities and to provide themselves with the extra clothes which the climate requires. There is no difficulty in obtaining food-supplies as Ipoh is only three hours' journey away and food from cold storage can be obtained daily. Recently a small cold storage business has been started at Ringlet in the Highlands. Milk and vegetables, fruit including strawberries, fresh pork and lamb are already obtainable from farms on the Highlands. The supply is still a little uncertain but this defect should soon be overcome. RELIGIOUS INSTITUTIONS. During December, 1934, a large house was completed for the Roman Catholic Bishop of Malacca. Here it is intended that the priests of the Missions Etrangères will hold their annual retreat. At other times it will be available for them as a sanatorium. One priest will be in permanent residence as soon as the Convent school, which is at present under construction nearby, is completed. The Convent school will probably be opened in May, 1935. SCHOOLS. (i) A Convent school for European children with accommodation for 100 pupils will be opened in May, 1935. (ii) There is also a secular school for young European children in temporary quarters at Tanah Rata with very limited accommodation. Nine children attend. It is expected that the permanent school building at Bintang, capable of housing some 30 children, will be ready for occupation by June or July, 1935. RECREATION. Golf. —Work has been pushed on on the golf course since funds became available about six months ago.' Tennis. —There is a court at the Club at Lubok Tamang and two courts are under construction near the Cameron Highlands Hotel. There are four private courts. constructed or contemplated. Walks. —The following bridle-paths which lead to points of vantage offering good views are now cleared and maintained: (i) Tanah Rata-Sungei Parang, (ii) Sungei Parang-Bukjt Terbakar. (iii) Brinchang Camp-Brinchang. (iv) Tengkolok Road-Bukit Purdah, (v) Tanah Rata-Bukit Berembun. (vi) Tengkolok Road-Bukit Jasar. (vii) Tanah Rata-Taman Sedia. Trout-fishing. —The possibilities of trout-fishing in the Highlands have already been investigated by the Director of Fisheries, Straits Settlements and Federated Malay States, and the conditions appear to be suitable in every way except that the temperature of the water is a little high for hatching out the ova. The first experiment will be tried in 1935, with ova from Blagdon Reservoir near Bristol and success is hoped for, at any rate with rainbow-trout, which can endure higher temperature than brown trout. CAMERON HIGHLANDS SOCIETY. There is in existence a Cameron Highlands Society whose aims and objects are: (i) To obtain and disseminate information regarding the Highlands, (ii) To voice the public opinion of the district, (iii) To aid in the marketing of agricultural produce. There are 63 members, membership not being confined to those who actually own property here, but including people who take a friendly interest in the place. SAKAI. Cameron Highlands is a good centre for those who are interested in the life of primitive peoples, The River Telom which drains the northern half of the development area roughly forms the boundary between two races, the Temiar and the Seinai. These Sakai, as they are indiscriminately called, may frequently be seen felling and clearing jungle for landholders in the development area, but they usually prefer to live at a lower elevation where it is not so cold as on the Highlands proper. The surrounding jungle conceals a network of rough paths which lead to their clearings and within two or three days' walk of the development area some thousands of them live. A careful study of their life has been made by the Field Ethnographer, Perak Museum, who has lived with them in the, jungle for several months and it is hoped, by keeping adequate reserves, to save them from the fate which has befallen so many other primitive races. They do not as yet linger near civilization. After earning a few dollars for felling and clearing they go back into the jungle to get on with their own cultivation. Phg. Sec. 1186/32. ANNEXURE I. TERMS OF ALIENATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN THE MUKIMS OF RINGLET AND ULU TELOM, CAMERON HIGHLANDS. Premium ... ... $35 per acre. Annual Rent ... ... $1 per acre for the first six years and thereafter $4 per acre. Implied Conditions ... In accordance with section 36 of the Land Code, 1926. Form of Title ... ... Lease for 99 years. Express Conditions: (i) The land shall be used solely for the cultivation of tea, coffee, cinchona, cardamoms, for stock raising and dairying purposes and for the cultivation of foodstuffs to be approved by the District Officer for human consumption or for consumption by cattle or for any one or more of the said purposes, or for any further purpose or purposes which may be approved by the Resident by endorsement on the lease. (ii) Plans of all proposed structures on this land shall be submitted to the District Officer for approval prior to erection. (iii) The proprietor of the land hereby leased will upon being called upon to do so by the Government, surrender to the Government so much land not exceeding 5 per cent, of the whole area of the land hereby leased as may be required by the Government for the purpose of construction thereon of a public road or path provided that the Government will after the registration of such surrender pay to the proprietor compensation for disturbance or damage to improvements, buildings or cultivated ground resulting from such surrender. (iv) The right to re-entry and forfeiture arising under section 37 of the Land Code, 1926, shall when it arises from breach of the foregoing condition be restricted so that no land in excess of 5 per cent, of the total area shall be liable to forfeiture. Phg. Sec. 1186/32. ANNEXURE II. TERMS OF ALIENATION OF AGRICULTURAL LAND IN
THE MUKIMS OF RINGLET AND ULU TELOM, CAMERON
HIGHLANDS. Premium ... ... $5 per acre. Annual Rent ... ... $1 per acre for the first six years and thereafter $4 per acre. Form of Title ... ... Lease for 15 years. Implied Conditions ... In accordance with section 36 of the Land Code, 1926. Express Conditions: (i) The land shall be used solely for the cultivation of tea, coffee, cinchona, cardamoms, for stock raising and dairying purposes and for the cultivation of foodstuffs to be approved by the District Officer for human consumption or for consumption by cattle or for any one or more of the said purposes, or for any further purpose or purposes which may be approved by the Resident by endorsement on the lease. (ii) Plans of all proposed structures on this land shall be submitted to the District Officer for approval prior to erection. (iii) The proprietor of the land hereby leased will upon being called upon to do so by the Government, surrender to the Government so much land not exceeding 5 per cent, of the whole area of the land hereby leased as may be required by the Government for the purpose of construction thereon of a public road or path provided that the Government will after the registration of such surrender pay to the proprietor compensation for disturbance or damage to improvements, buildings or cultivated ground resulting from such surrender. (iv) The right to re-entry and forfeiture arising under section 37 of the Land Code, 1926, shall when it arises from breach of the foregoing condition be restricted so that no land in excess of 5 per cent, of the total area shall be liable to forfeiture. (v) This lease may be exchanged at any time prior to its expiry for a lease for 99 years subject to identical express conditions on payment of a premium of $30 per acre. Lipis 203/31. Phg. G. 241/31. ANNEXURE III. TERMS OF ALIENATION OF BUILDING LANDS IN THE NORTHERN HIGHLANDS. Premium ... ... $500 per acre or part of an acre. Annual Rent ... ... $5 per acre. Form of Title ... ... Lease for 99 years. Express Conditions: (i) The lessee shall submit plans with elevations, sections and specifications of a detached dwelling-house with all necessary offices, out-buildings, sewers and drains to the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands, within six months from the date of occupation or of registration of title whichever is the earlier. Such plans shall be subject to the approval and signature of the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands, before the commencement of any works upon the land hereby leased. Building operations shall not be commenced until such plans shall have been so approved, (ii) The lessee shall erect upon the land hereby leased in a substantial and workmanlike manner with the best materials of their several kinds and in accordance with the plans, elevations, sections and specifications approved as aforesaid under the inspection of and to the satisfaction of the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron' Highlands, a detached dwelling-house with all the necessary offices, out-buildings, sewers and drains; and shall complete the same in all respects fit for occupation within two years from the date of occupation or of registration of title whichever is the earlier. (iii) The lessee shall not make any alterations to any buildings at any time existing on the land hereby leased except in accordance with the plans, elevations, sections and specifications previously approved by the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands. (iv) The lessee shall not erect or build or permit to be erected or built on the land hereby leased any buildings other than those specified in clauses (i) and (ii) above except in accordance with plans, elevations, sections and specifications previously approved by the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands. (v) The lessee shall pay to the State a reasonable proportion of the expenses of making, repairing, maintaining and cleansing all drains used in common by the land hereby leased and other land adjoining or near thereto, the amount so to be paid to be determined by the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands. (vi) The lesseee shall not without the consent in writing of the Resident use or permit the use of the said house or any other buildings that may during the said term be erected on the land hereby leased for the purpose of carrying on any trade or business or any purpose other than as a dwelling-house. 12 GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF PAHANG. LEASE OF STATE LAND AT CAMERON HIGHLANDS. (Schedule VI.—Section 56 of "The Land Code, 1926.") Presentation No. Register of Leases of State Land Volume Folio District of Lipis. No. Annual Rent This lease witnesseth that Resident of the State of Pahang in consideration of the rent and conditions hereinafter reserved and imposed doth hereby on behalf of the Ruler of the State of Pahang lease unto hereinafter called the lessee all that piece of land situate in the Mukim of Lot No. containing by measurement acres roods poles more or less which said piece of land with the dimensions abuttals and boundaries thereof is delineated on revenue survey plan number deposited in the office of the Superintendent of Revenne Surveys for the State of Pahang whereof a copy is drawn hereon to hold from the day of 19 for the term of 99 (ninety-nine) years thence next ensuing with the right of renewal if the conditions have been carried out to the satisfaction of the Resident of Pahang with increased premium and rent on renewal should the Resident see fit subject to the payment therefor of the annual rent of and to the provisions and conditions contained in "The Land Code, 1926," and also to the restrictions and express conditions hereunder written all of which the lessee for himself his heirs executors administrators and assigns hereby covenants to observe and perform. RESTRICTIONS. EXPRESS CONDITIONS. (i) The land shall be used solely for the cultivation of tea, coffee, cinchona, cardamoms, for stock raising dairying purposes and for the cultivation of foodstuffs to be approved by the District Officer for human consumption or for consumption by cattle or for any one or more of the said purposes, or for any further purpose or purposes which may be approved by the Resident by endorsement on the lease. (ii) Plans for all proposed structures on this land shall be submitted to the District Officer for approval prior to erection. (iii) The proprietor of the land hereby leased will upon being called upon to do so by the Government, surrender to the Government so much land not exceeding 5 per cent, of the whole area of the land hereby leased as may be required by the Government for the purpose of construction thereon of a public road or path provided that the Government will after the registration of such surrender pay to the proprietor compensation for disturbance or damage to improvements, buildings or cultivated ground resulting from such surrender. (iv) The right to re-entry and forfeiture arising under section 37 of the Land Code, 1926, shall when it arises from breach of the foregoing condition be restricted so that no land in excess of 5 per cent, of the total area shall be liable to forfeiture. In witness whereof the said Resident has hereunto set his hand and caused the public seal of the State of Pahang to be affixed at Kuala
 Lipis, this day of one thousand nine hundred and in the British Resident, Pahang. presence of and the said has hereunto set his hand this day of one thousand nine hundred and in the presence of Registered at Kuala Lipis, this day of 19 No. No. of former document of title Registrar of Titles, State of Pahang. GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF PAHANG. LEASE OF STATE LAND AT CAMERON HIGHLANDS. (Schedule VI. —Sections 24 and 56 of "The Land Code, 1926.") Presentation No. Register of Leases of State Land Volume Folio District of Lipis. No. Annual Rent This lease witnesseth that Resident of the State of Pahang in consideration of the rent and conditions hereinafter reserved and imposed doth hereby on behalf of the Ruler of the State of Pahang lease unto hereinafter called the lessee all that piece of land situate in the Mukim of Lot No. containing by measurement acres roods poles more or less which said piece of land with the dimensions abuttals and boundaries thereof is delineated on revenue survey plan number deposited in the office of the Superintendent of Revenue Surveys for the State of Pahang whereof a copy is drawn hereon to hold from the day of 19 for the term of 15 (fifteen) years thence next ensuing with the right of renewal if the conditions have been carried out to the satisfaction of the Resident of Pahang with increased premium and rent on renewal should the Resident see fit subject to the payment therefor of the annual rent of and to the provisions and conditions contained in "The Land Code, 1926," and also, to the restrictions and express conditions hereunder written all of which the lessee for himself his heirs executors administrators and assigns hereby covenants to observe and perform. RESTRICTIONS. EXPRESS CONDITIONS. (i) The land shall be used solely for the cultivation of tea, coffee, cinchona, cardamoms, for stock raising and dairying purposes and for the cultivation of foodstuffs to be approved by the District Officer for human consumption or for consumption by cattle or for any one or more of the said purposes, or for any further purpose or purposes which may be approved by the Resident by endorsement on the lease. (ii) Plans of all proposed structures on this land shall be submitted to the District Officer for approval prior to erection. (iii) The proprietor of the land hereby leased will upon being called upon to do so by the Government, surrender to the Government so much land not exceeding 5 per cent, of the whole area of the land hereby leased as may be required by the Government for the purpose of construction thereon of a public road or path provided that the Government will after the registration of such surrender pay to the proprietor compensation for disturbance or damage to improvements, buildings or cultivated ground resulting from such surrender. (iv) The right to re-entry and forfeiture arising under section 37 of the Land Code, 1926, shall when it arises from breach of the foregoing condition be restricted so that no land in excess of 5 per cent, of the total area shall be liable to forfeiture. (v) This lease may be exchanged at any time prior to its expiry for a lease for 99 years subject to identical express conditions on payment, of a premium of $30 per acre. In witness whereof the said Resident has hereunto set his hand and caused the public seal of the State of Pahang to be affixed at Kuala
 Lipis, this ' day of one British Resident, Pahang. thousand nine hundred and in the I presence of and the said has hereunto set his hand this day of one thousand nine hundred and in the presence of Registered at Kuala Lipis, this day. of 19 NO. NO. of former document of title ………………………………………. Register of Titles State of Pahang GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF PAHANG. LEASE OF STATE LAND AT CAMERON HIGHLANDS. (Schedule VI. —Section 56 of "The Land Code, 1926.") Presentation No. Register of Leases of State Land Volume Folio District of No. Annual Rent This lease witnesseth that Resident of the State of Pahang in consideration of the rent and conditions hereinafter reserved and imposed doth hereby on behalf of the Elder of the State of Pahang lease unto hereinafter called the lessee all that piece of land situate in the Mukim of containing by measurement acres roods poles more or less which said piece of land with the dimensions abuttals and boundaries thereof is delineated on revenue survey plan number deposited in the office of the Superintendent of Revenue Surveys for the State of Pahang whereof a copy is drawn hereon to hold from the day of 19 for the term of 99 (ninety-nine) years thence next ensuing with the right of renewal if the conditions have been carried out to the satisfaction of the Resident of Pahang with increased premium and rent on renewal should the Resident see fit subject to the payment therefor of the annual rent of and to the provisions and conditions contained in "The Land Code, 1926," and also to the restrictions and express conditions hereunder written all of which the lessee for himself his heirs executors administrators and assigns hereby covenants to observe and perform. RESTRICTIONS. EXPRESS CONDITIONS. (i) The lessee shall submit plans with elevations sections and specifications of a detached dwelling-house with all necessary offices outbuildings sewers and drains to the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands, within six months from the date of occupation or of registration of title whichever is the earlier. Such plans shall be subject to the approval and signature of the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands, before the commencement of any works upon the land hereby leased. Building operations shall not be commenced until such plans shall have been so approved. (ii) The lessee shall erect upon the land hereby leased in a substantial and workmanlike manner with the best material of their several kinds and in accordance with the plans elevations sections and specifications approved as aforesaid under the inspection of and to the satisfaction of the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands, a detached dwelling-house with all necessary offices outbuildings sewers and drains, and shall complete the same in all respects fit for occupation within two years from the date of occupation or of registration of title whichever is the earlier. (iii) The lessee shall not make any alterations to any buildings at any time existing on the land hereby leased except in accordance with plans elevations sections and specifications previously approved by the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands. (iv) The lessee shall not erect or build or permit to be erected or built on the land hereby leased any buildings other than those specified in clauses (i) and (ii) above except in accordance with plans elevations sections and specifications previously approved by the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands. (v) The lessee shall pay to the State a reasonable proportion of the expenses of making repairing maintaining and cleansing all drains used in common by the land hereby leased and other land adjoining or near thereto, the amount so to be paid to be determined by the Chairman, Sanitary Board, Cameron Highlands. (vi) The lessee shall not without the consent in writing of the Resident use or permit the use of the said dwelling-house or any other buildings that may during the said term be erected on the land hereby leased for the purpose of carrying on any trade or business or for any purpose other than as a dwelling-house. In witness whereof the said Resident has hereunto set his hand and caused the public seal of the State of Pahang to be affixed at this day of one thousand nine hundred and in the presence of and the said has hereunto set his hand this day of one thousand nine hundred and in the presence of J Registered at this day of 19 No. No. of former document of title Registrar of Titles, State of Pahang. GOVERNMENT OF THE STATE OF PAHANG. GRANT FOR LAND AT CAMERON HIGHLANDS. (Schedule VI. —Section 56 of "The Land Code, 1986.") Grant of lands for agriculture (excluding lands to be used solely for stock-raising, dairy-farming and/or the cultivation of vegetables and cattle fodder). No. Presentation No. Register of Grants Volume Folio District of Annual Rent until revision takes place under section 31 of "The Land Code, 1926," or other provision of law in that behalf. Know all men by these presents that I, Resident of the State of Pahang in consideration of do hereby by virtue of the power conferred on me by "The Land Code, 1926," on behalf of the Ruler of the State of Pahang grant unto All that piece of land being lot No. situated in the of containing by measurement more or less which said piece of land with the dimensions abuttals and boundaries thereof is delineated on the plan drawn on these presents and more particularly on revenue survey plan No. deposited in the office of the Superintendent of Revenue Surveys for the State of Pahang to hold for ever subject to the payment therefor of the annual rent of dollars until revision takes place under section 31 of "The Land Code, 1926," or other provision of law in that behalf and to the provisions contained in the said Enactment and also to the restrictions in interest and the express conditions hereunder written. RESTRICTIONS IN INTEREST. EXPRESS CONDITIONS. 1. The land shall be used solely for the cultivation of tea, coffee, cinchona, cardamoms, for stock-raising and dairying purposes and for the cultivation of foodstuffs to be approved by the District Officer for human consumption or for consumption by cattle or for any one or more of the said purposes, or for any further purpose or purposes which may be approved by the Resident by endorsement on the grant. 2. Plans of all proposed structures on this land shall be submitted to the District Officer for approval prior to erection. 3. For the checking of soil scour the registered proprietor shall, to the satisfaction of the District Officer, construct and maintain upon the land hereby granted silt pits or contour terraces, and shall, if so required by the District Officer, plant and maintain cover crops for the same purpose. 4. The registered proprietor or proprietors will upon being called upon so to do execute a surrender to Government of so much land not exceeding 5 per cent, of the whole area hereof as may be required for the following purpose: Construction thereon of a public road; and the Government will, after the registration of such surrender, pay to the registered proprietor or proprietors compensation for disturbance or damage to improvements buildings or cultivated ground, resulting from such surrender. The right to re-entry and forfeiture arising under section 37 of "The Land Code, 1926," shall when it arises from breach of the foregoing condition be restricted SO' that no land in excess of 5 per cent, of the total area hereof shall be liable to forfeiture. In witness whereof I the said Resident have 1 hereunto set my hand and the public seal of the State of Pahang at this day of one thousand nine hundred and Registered at this day of 19 No. No. of former document of title Registrar of Titles, State of Pahang. Federated Malay States Government Press.Document in the National Archives of Malaysia, transcribed using OCR.

THE MALAY MAIL, MONDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1934, p 6. Athletics SPORTS AT BATU ARANG 450 ENTRIES FOR ANNUAL MEETING A large crowd witnessed the athletic sports at the Batu Arang Sports Club, on Saturday. The preliminary heats had been run-off in mid-week owing to the big list of competitors. Results on Saturday were as follow: 100 Yards: 1st Lew Fah, 2nd Chin Fook, 3rd Peng Sum. 220 Yards: 1st Lew Fah, 2nd Peng Sum, 3rd Klang Yong. 440 Yards: 1st Vasu, 2nd Sandanasamy, 3rd Hoh Sin. Sack Race: 1st Peng Sum, 2nd Too Choo, 3rd Ah Chee. 3- Legged-Race: 1st Chang Kow, Hoy Sang, 2nd K. H. Lee, Ah Kow, 3rd Yong Yun, Kong Kim. Obstacle Race: 1st Ah Chee, 2nd Vasu, 3rd K. H. Lee. High Jump: 1st Chin Fook, 2nd K Jorgensen, 3rd Lee Ah Fong. Long Jump: 1st Chin Fook, 2nd Yam Meng, 3rd Wong Kow. Putting the shot: 1st Yap Siak, 2nd K Jorgensen, 3rd Cong Liew. Veterans Race: 1st Chong Shiu, 2nd Lee Kung Sang, 3rd Loh Tai. Before the prizes were presented Mr. F. Bellamy, the President of Sports Club, commented on the fact that there had been 450 entries for the sports. The whole programme had worked out quite smoothly and great credit for this was due to Mr. K. Jorgenson, the hon. sports organiser of the Club, Mr. Madhaven, the hon. secretary, Mr. Peng Sum, the hon. assistant secretary, and the members of the sports committee. This was the third sports day in Batu Arang and it was hoped to make the event an annual one. Since the last meeting there had been many other amenities added to the Club. These were, chiefly, a volley ball ground, another badminton court, a children’s play ground, a small open air gymnasium and also, a covered stand had been erected to accommodate 1,000 people. He added that the provision of these amenities was due to the interest and generosity of the directors and the general managers of the Collieries and hearty thanks were expressed on behalf of all employees and residents. The cinema screen was to be re-erected at the south end of the Padang to be used in conjunction with the covered stand. Mrs. Llewellyn of Kuala Lumpur, then presented the prizes, after which hearty cheers were given. Tea was provided for members and friends in the Club house. In a football match the B. A. S. C. beat the Cheng Wah Football team of Kuala Lumpur, 4-1. The first half was evenly contested and there was no scoring. In the evening there was a Chinese modern musical entertainment. A Malay ronggeng party was also in attendance.

Plywood Chest Advertising during the year:The Straits Times, 12 January 1934, Page 16,The Straits Times, 19 January 1934, Page 16,The Straits Times, 26 January 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 9 February 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 23 February 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 2 February 1934, Page 16,The Straits Times, 16 February 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 23 March 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 9 March 1934, Page 17
,The Straits Times, 29 March 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 6 April 1934, Page 17
A PRODUCT OF MALAYA HIGH QUALITY LOW PRICE 100% BRITISH MALAYAN COLLIERIES, LTD. KUALA LUMPUR. Tel. 4265 Telegrams “ARANG”

The Straits Times, 20 April 1934, Page 17,
The Straits Times, 13 April 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 18 May 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 4 May 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 25 May 1934, Page 17
 

 THE ALL MALAYAN CHEST PACK YOUR RUBBER IN IT. HIGH QUALITY. LOW. PRICE MADE BY MALAYAN COLLIERIES, LTD. Tel 4265. KUALA LUMPUR. Telegrams "ARANG”

The Straits Times, 22 June 1934, Page 17, The Straits Times, 1 June 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 15 June 1934, Page 17
,The Straits Times, 27 July 1934, Page 17
,The Straits Times, 13 July 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 6 July 1934, Page 17
,The Straits Times, 20 July 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 3 August 1934, Page 17
 The Straits Times, 10 August 1934, Page 17, The Straits Times, 17 August 1934, Page 17
 ,The Straits Times, 24 August 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 31 August 1934 p 17,
 The Straits Times, 7 September 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 14 September 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 21 September 1934, Page 17

 The Straits Times, 28 September 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 5 October 1934, Page 17
The Straits Times, 12 October 1934, The Straits Times, 19 October 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 2 November 1934, Page 17,The Straits Times, 9 November 1934, Page 17
 
 The Straits Times, 16 November 1934, Page 18,The Straits Times, 23 November 1934, Page 18,The Straits Times, 30 November 1934, Page 18,The Straits Times, 7 December 1934, Page 18,The Straits Times, 21 December 1934, Page 19
,The Straits Times, 28 December 1934, Page 19
THE CONTAINER YOU CAN COUNT ON. PACK YOUR RUBBER IN IT. (ALL SIZES) A Product of Malaya by Malayan Collieries Limited. Telephone 4265. P.O. Box 48, KUALA LUMPUR. Telegrams ARANG.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

J. A. Russell and Co. News and other Sources 1934

All from the Singapore and Straits Directory, Fraser and Neave, 1934 SOAS archives

Russell & Co., J. A.

Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Buildings, Kuala Lumpur.

Telegraphic Address :-“Jar”

Codes – Private, Boe (Shipping), Imperial Combination (Mining) Acme & Bentley’s (General)

Gen. Manager          R. C. Russell 

Do.                          H. H. Robbins

 Staff:

 

J. Drysdale         F. J. B. Maggs 

(signs per pro)   E. L. Jorgenson 

S. Brown           J. Joice

J. H. Clarkson   T. J. Johns

 

General Managers & Secretaries  Malayan Collieries, Ltd.

 

Managing Agents

Boh Plantations, Ltd.

Bakau Tin, Ltd.

The Netherlands Indies Commercial Agricultural & Mining Co., Ltd.

 

Insurance Agencies:

Royal Exchange Assurance Corp

Queensland Insurance Co., Ltd.

 

Proprietors of

Sungei Tua Estates, Batu Caves

Russell Estate, Tenang.

Bukit Bisa Estate, Kajang.

Sintok Mines, Kedah

 

Associated Firms.

W. R. Loxley & Co.—Hongkong, Shanghai, Canton, & London.

Perrin Cooper & Co.—Tientsin.

 

SUNGEI TUA ESTATE

Postal Address—Batu Caves, Selangor.

Telegraphic Address—“Sungei Tua,”

Batu Caves.

Distance from Railway Station—

2 ½  miles.

Distance from Telegraph office—2 miles.

Telephone No. 19, Batu Caves.

Proprietors         J. A. Russell & Co.

Manager            A. A. Mulloy

Secretaries            J. A. Russell & Co

Acreage—Total 1,018, cultivated

(Rubber) 1,108

BAKU TIN, LTD.

Kuala Kubu, Ulu Selangor.

Agents - J. A. Russell & Co., Kuala Lumpur

TAIK HING KONGSI

13 ½ miles from Kuala Lumpur

Postal Address—Kanching

Head Office—Chan Thye Lee, Kuala

Lumpur.

Distance from Telegraph Office—4 miles,

Rawang.

Distance from Railway Station—4 miles,

Rawang.

Resd. Manager            Mah Peng Kuan

Advancer                        Ho Man

Lessees                        Ho Man and J. A.

Russell.

M. L. 3701, 3618, 3727, etc,  Lot Nos. 1833,1857, 758, etc.

Total area—620 acres.

Plant—Three Oil Engines 200 h.p. each,

one Oil Engine 120 h.p., one Oil

Engine 150 h.p., one Oil Engine 80

h.p., three Electric Motors 235 h.p.,

three Gravel Pumps, two Water Pumps

and 21 Monitors.