Dearie:Russell Family History

The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 18 January 1919, Page 4 MALAYAN AIR SQUADRONS. The following are the final accounts of this War Fund. Instructions have been asked for from the War Office as to the disposal of the balance. Malaya Nos. 1-36 Final entry: “The J. A. Russell $16,223.37 Total amount subscribed and remitted to His Majesty’s Government for 36 warplanes 594,765.88. Balance in hand in Chartered Bank Ipoh 4,371.40. Total amount subscribed to Malayan Air Squadrons Fund $599,137.28 (257 words)

From Letter by J.A.R. 20th April 1921 “ I left for China returning to the F.M.S. for about a month or more in February 1919, and leaving again for America in March of that year.” I did not return to the F.M.S. until December 20th 1919.

Passenger lists from ancestry.com John Archibald Russell arriving on the ship the Empress of Asia in Seattle Washington. Port of departure Hong Kong, China. 14 April 1919. Aged 36, Mine Owner, resident Kuala Lumpur, final destination London. Brother Donald O. Russell K.L. ( Also on the above ship’s passenger list Adolph Alois Hengeller,36, Mining Engineer, Swiss, speaks English French and German, friend Mr. W. F. Nutt, Singapore SS, final destination Meggen Lucerne, Switzerland. Fuda Hengeller 29, Frans Henggeler 36 planter from Sumatra EI, final destination Soloure Switzerland.) John A. Russell , aged 36 arrived 14 April 1919 Empress of Asia, Vancouver British Colombia, from Hong Kong. Mine Owner Protestant.

The Straits Times, 5 March 1919, Page 12 0. New Serendah Rubber. ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING AT KUALA LUMPUR. Tamils versus Chinese. 0. The ninth annual general meeting of the shareholders of the New Serendah Rubber Co, Ltd was held at the company's registered office, No. 1, The Embankment, Kuala Lumpur, on March 1, says the Malay Mail. Mr. F. G. Harvey presiding. 0. (Summary: director’s introductory remarks, last year’s crops were disappointing.. if Chinese tappers had been kept on still been behind due to influenza. Chinese contract tappers were replaced with Tamils with reduction in costs of production. Satisfactory financial position. Rubber planted by Company from 1911 onwards has very good yielding powers. Labour force short but settled and well trained. Questions on Chinese tappers tapping daily, versus Tamil tappers on alternate days. Dividend of 10% declared. Retiring directors Messrs. A.K.E. Hampshire and J. A. Russell re elected. Votes of thanks.) (1464 words)

The Straits Echo Mail Edition. Thursday 24th April, 1919. Serendah Tin ( From Our Own Correspondent.) Mr. J. A. Russell, presiding at the general meeting of the Serendah Hydraulic Tin Mining Company, yesterday said that with regard to their future prospects one hydraulic elevator had had to be closed down for lack of payable ground; the two that remained did not appear to have more than four to six months work ahead of them. Applications had been made to Government for the right to bore and if found payable to take up a large area south-west of the property now being used as a tailing dump. Their investments totalled $1.20 a share. The pipe line and monitors were valued at $20,000. A dividend of 10 per cent was declared. Mr. Russell was re-elected director. NB The coverage of this meeting in the The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser, 1 May 1919, Page 5 and The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser 25 April 1919,and The Straits Times, 24 April 1919, Page 7 refers to Mr. Russell not Mr. J. A. Russell.

LETTER FROM J.A.RUSSELL & CO. TO THE COMMISSIONER TRADE AND CUSTOMS, F.M.S. 3RD MAY 1919 Kuala Lumpur 3rd May 1919 J.A.RUSSELL & CO. Sir, We have the honour to enclose herein a list of match making machinery which is under offer to ourselves. You will notice that fully 85% of the plant is of German origin and although the vendors inform us it was purchased pre-war, we should like to be assured before committing ourselves to purchase that Government would be willing to allow the importation of the plant into Malaya free of the present duty of 100% upon goods of enemy origin. We should of course prefer to purchase machinery of other than enemy origin but having made very careful enquiries, without success, we believe it is impossible to procure the same whether now or for some years to come. We should also be very greatly obliged if you could ascertain from the Indian Government whether or not a similar, but export, duty would be levied? We have addressed a letter to the Hon. The Chief Secretary upon the subject of match making in the Federated Malay States and in the same we have referred to the question of free import of the plant in question. We have etc. J.A.RUSSELL & CO. From National Archives of Malaysia Sel 2139/19 Transcribed by P.C

THE MATCH MANUFACTURING PLANT OF NORTH INDIA MATCHES LTD (It should be noted that this plant was erected for a production of 1400-1500 gross filled boxes per day: this list is intended for preliminary information-it is not a complete specification of the machines and adjuncts under consideration.) Makers 1 Log Cross-cut Saw Roller & Co. Berlin. 1 “ “ “ Baden Engineering Co. 2 Peeling Machines 29” Type S.L.H. Roller & Co. Berlin 2 “ “ 19” Baden Engineering Co 1 Splint-chopping MachinesV.A.D. Roller & Co. 1 “ “ Baden Engineering Co. 1 Box Veneer Cutting machine S.P.R. Roller & Co. 1 “ “ “ Baden Engineering Co. 1 Splint drying and polishing drum H.T.T. Roller & Co. 1 Double Acting “ “ Baden Engineering Co. 1 single acting “ “ “ “ “ Type E.P.) (E.G.A. 1 Splint cleaning ) and 1 levelling Roller & Co. 2 Combined “ “ Baden Engineering Co. 2 Cone mill grinders Baden Engineering Co 1 Cylindrical Grinding Mill for friction composition type M.T. Roller & Co. 1 Ball Mill Baden Engineering Co. 4 Inside Box-making Machines Baden Engineering Co. 3 “ “ “ I.K.S. Roller & co. 5 Wrapper Outside Box-making machines Baden Engineering Co. 3 Outside Box-making machines H.K.S. Roller & Co. 1 Box painting machine Baden Engineering Co. 1 “ “ “ V.S.M/2 Roller & Co. 1 Automatic knife-grinding machine Baden Engineering Co 1 “ “ “ K.S.M. Roller & Co. 1 Paste-cooking Apparatus Baden Engineering Co. 6 Change Wheels “ “ “ 1 Czerweny automatic match-dipping machine J.M.Veith 1 Simples continuous match-dripping machine type S.C.M. (without box filling device) Roller & Co. 2 Automatic Securitas box-filling machines Vulkan Engineering Works 2 Jonkoping Box-filling Machines with 4 filling apparatus G.J.F. Roller & Co. 1 Dozen packeting Machine for pasted Wrappers Type R.P.M. Roller & Co 1 “ “ “ ? Ahrens and Co. Sweden 1 Drying Apparatus for outside boxes, with travelling screens and pipes (Type V.S.T./7) Roller & Co. 1 “ “ for inside boxes Roller & Co. 1 Complete transport apparatus Roller & Co. Packing- case making Machines 1 42 Self-acting rope feed Circular Saw Bench G.D.” (with timber & carriages Sagar & Co. 1 Plank-cross-cutting Machine for 24” Saws 1 Saw Sharpening Machine for Circular Saws 1 “B.P.A.” Small Grooving and tonguing Machine for boards up to 1.5/8” thick ?Kirchner Power Plant 1 Suckling water tube Steam Boiler, framework and Spares. H.P.156 Pressure 150 lbs Tohmas Beeley and Sons Fire-place constructed to take weed-fuel waste 1 133 B.H.P. 2 crank compound enclosed forced lubrication Engine Ashworth & Parker 1 Generator 90 K.W. 220 V. 600 rpm. 1 Field Rheostat with Switch Board mounting for 90 K.W. Generator 1 Switch Board complete 1 “Weirs” Feed Pump 3 ½ “ x 5’ 6” Weirs Glasgow 1 Worthington Feed Pump 1 Feed-Water Heater Babcock & Wilcox 1 11 H.P. Water “G” 220 V, 535 r.p.m. British Westinghouse Co. 1 7 “ “ “ 550 “ “ 1 7 “ “ “ “ “ “ 1 5 ½ “ “ “ 610 “ “ 2 3 “ “ “ “ “ “ 2 8 “ “ “ 950 “ “ 3 18 “ “ “ 950 “ “ General Vulcan Iron Works 1 ton Herrick crane 1 10” Centre self-acting general purpose lathe; bed 16’ 1 6” “ “ bed 6 ‘ 5 24” belt driven fans Southgate Pile Driver Co. 1 42”? Rege-Radical Drilling Machine Walmsley & Co. All shafting, collars, couplings, wall brackets, __________ blocks, pullies, belts, erected with the before mentioned plant and machines; also all tools, bench vices, and spares issued to Factory and removed from stack of “Stores” From National Archives of Malaysia Sel 2139/19 Transcribed by P.C

LETTER FROM COMMISSIONER TRADE AND CUSTOMS F.M.S. TO THE SECRETARY TO RESIDENT, SELANGOR 5TH MAY 1919 Office of Commissioner, Trade and Customs Kuala Lumpur, 5th May 1919 No. 2 in 406/19 Sir, I have the honour to forward copy of a letter from the Manager of J.A.Russell & Co. on the subject of the importation of a match making machinery of German origin. 2. Under Notification No. 2684 of 9th September 1914 an import duty of 100% ad valorem is leviable on goods manufactured in any place in German territory subject to the exemptions prescribed by Notification No. 2968 of 28th September 1914. This machinery does not appear to come under either of the exceptions. 3. Under Notification No. 995 of 14.3.19 the British Resident may by special order in each case exempt under circumstances of an exceptional nature, to be stated in such order from payment of Customs duty imposed under the Customs Duties Enactment any goods on which such duties are imposed. 4. I recommend this case for special consideration and exemption from the 100% ad valorem duty in view of the machinery being needed for a pioneer industry. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant ? Commissioner Trade & Customs F.M.S. From National Archives of Malaysia Sel 2139.19 Transcribed by P.C

LETTER FROM J.A.RUSSELL& CO. TO SECRETARY TO THE RESIDENT SELANGOR. 15TH MAY 1919 Kuala Lumpur 15th May 1919 Sir, Match Making Machinery I have the honour to enquire what day and time would be convenient for the British Resident to see me with regard to the question of Import Duty on certain Match Making Machinery. 2. I enclose a copy of our letter to the Commissioner of Trade and Customs on the subject and his reply thereto. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant R.C.Russell From National Archives of Malaysia 2139/19 Transcribed by P.C

UK Incoming Passenger Ships lists 1878-1960 from ancestry.co.uk John A. Russell aged 36 arriving at Liverpool from New York on May 23 1919 on the Mauritania, Cunard Line. Address 8, Old Palace Lane, Richmond. Occupation: Mine owner.

Malay States. Untitled [Articles] The Straits Times, 9 June 1919, Page 8 The output of Malayan Collieries was 188,740 tons as compared with 155,279 in 1917.

The Malayan Tin and Rubber Journal, No. 12, Vol. VIII, 30th June 1919, p. 808. Mining Section. Mining in the F.M.S. Reasons for Reduction in Output. Optimism Regarding the Future. In the course of his annual report for 1918 the Chief Secretary, F.M.S., states: - (Summary: revenue, exports, appeals made to increase production for war resulted in lower production, high prices cause decrease in output, miners can earn more with less work, mine owners can profit from low grade areas. Termination of war means excess stocks, tin market closed, Government purchased output, America prohibited buying from East. Prices rose then fell. Imperial Government stopped buying in December. Local Government now buying. No alarm about reduced output, cause of allies has not suffered, tin mining will prosper with more modern methods. Closing of some mines, labour force should find employment elsewhere, deaths 143. Commission about industry investigated: reduction in output, exhaustion of fields, difficulty in obtaining machinery, shortage of labour, U.K. regulations affecting new capital, financial conditions, no capital withheld due to law of renewal of leases, methods of mining, silting of water courses, government closure of certain areas and legislation, demands for geological surveys. Commission exonerated Government and Mines Department from charges of harsh mining laws that drove capital from country. Recommendations that auctions should not be used for leases. Charges of favoritism over allotment of leases. Premiums ensure that land will be worked, rather than re sold. City sources say capital is available for mining in country, and not been driven away by harsh administration of mining laws.)

Malay Mail Saturday August 2nd, 1919 The prospectus was issued yesterday of Malayan Matches, Ltd. The project is to make matches in a factory to be erected near Malayan Collieries, in Selangor. The authorised capital of the Company is $1,000,000 in $1 shares, with the present issue of $525,000. Mr. J. A. Russell of Malayan Collieries is the vendor and a director, and other directors named are the Hon. Mr. Clodd, Messrs. Bannon and F. G. Harvey

The Straits Echo Mail Edition. 6 August 1919, p 1,165. and Untitled [Articles], and 0. The Straits Times, 29 July 1919, Page 7 and Untitled [Articles] 0. The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 30 July 1919, Page 6 and Wednesday, July 30, 1919. [Articles] The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 31 July 1919, Page 76  0. Wednesday, July 30, 1919 Malayan Industries. Floatation in Federal Capital of Match Factory Co. $1,000,000 Capital in $1 shares. Malayan Matches, Ltd., is the style of a new company whose prospectus is about to be issued, says the Straits Times. The project is to make matches in a factory to be erected near Malayan Collieries, in Selangor. The authorised capital of the Company is $1,000,000 in $1 shares, with the present issue of $525,000. Mr. J. A. Russell of Malayan Collieries is the vendor and director, and other directors named are the Hon. Mr. Clodd, Messrs. Bannon and F. G. Harvey.

The Federated Malay States Chamber of Commerce Year Book for 1919 p. 18. The following 27 local companies were registered during the year: - Malayan Matches Ltd. Nominal capital. $1,000,000

Untitled [Articles] 0. The Straits Times, 23 August 1919, Page 8 Mr J. A. Russell is booked to leave England for Malaya in November

The Malay Mail Tuesday 16 September 1919.p.8 and edited version in MALAYAN COLLIERIES, LTD. [Articles] The Straits Times, 16 September 1919, Page 8 Malayan Collieries Coal Sales Total 179.831 Tons. 15 per cent Dividend. The Directors’ of Malayan Collieries, Ltd., in submitting their sixth annual report and statement of accounts for the year ended 30th June, 1919, state: Titles. - During the year application was made for conversion to a mining lease of a further 5,858 acres, making a total area held under lease approximately 9,235 acres. The prospecting licence was not renewed over the balance of the original concession. Mines and Plant. - An account of these will be found in the Mine Manager’s sub-joined report. Coal Sales. - These totalled 179,831 tons as against 161,272 for the last financial year, and 135,663 for the previous year. Prospecting. - Work was carried on vigorously during the year under review and a large extension in depth of the Great Seam has been proved. The Mine Manager states that this seam contains 5 millions tons of good clean coal. Private railway Line. - The extensions to the Company’s private line amounting to 3 and half miles were completed and are now in use. London Agents. - Messrs. J.D. Hewett and Co., of 101, Leadenhall Street, London, were appointed the Company’s financial agents. Consulting Engineers. - Messrs. Forster Brown and Rees of Cardiff and London continued as the Company’s consulting engineers. Profits. - The profits for the year, subject to Directors’ Fees, amount to $407,788.46; less interim dividend 5 per cent. paid on February 15th, 1919, $75,000.00; making $332,788.46; to which must be added the balance brought forward from last year’s account of $15,094.04; leaving $347, 882,5; which the Directors recommend should be dealt with as follows: - Payment of a final dividend of 10 per cent. on 150,000 shares, making 15 per cent for the year, $150,000.00; balance to be carried forward to the next year’s account, $47,882.50. Directors. – Mr. Adolf Alois Henggeler and Mr. John Archibald Russell were granted leave of absence in February this year, the latter appointing Mr. R. C. Russell to act as his alternate. The retiring Directors are the Hon. Mr. Robert Peebles Brash and Mr. Chew Kam Chuan, who being eligible offer themselves for re-election. Auditors. – Messrs. Evatt and Co. retire, but being eligible offer themselves for re-election. Mine Manager’s Report. The report of the Mine Manager Mr. T.L. McCall, is as follows: - Coal Sales.- The sales of coal for the year under review amount to 179,831 tons. This output was obtained as follows:- Main Seam South Mine 70,601 tons Main Seam North Mine 96,755 tons Great Seam No. 1 Opencast 5,791 tons Great Seam No. 2 Opencast 6,684 tons Total Coal Sales 179,831 South Mine, Main Seam. - The main incline has not been advanced but branch roads have been driven ahead and have proved an additional 300 feet of ground. The coal so proved is free from faults and continues to dip at an even grade. The footage of the exploration work ahead of the main incline would have been much greater but for the fact that that it was found necessary to flood a portion of the road to subdue a fire due to spontaneous combustion, and the subsequent unwatering occupied five months as it was impossible at the time to obtain a pump suitable for this work. In my report last year I mentioned that this mine had been opening up some badly faulted ground, which had seriously hampered development work, but this year it gives me pleasure to report that the workings have left the disturbed ground and are opening up excellent faces of coal. During the year some 470 feet of underground roadways have been arched over with brickwork, and the numerous cases of spontaneous combustion that occurred, where and when this work was in progress, are a certain indication of the necessity of this work, more especially where the main roads pass through faulted and broken ground. There have been numerous cases of spontaneous combustion in other parts of the mine other than those mentioned above, but in all cases they were promptly detected and dealt with before they had assumed serious proportions. North Mine, Main Seam. - The main incline has not been advanced as the development work is ahead of the established programme. Both No. 1 and No. 2 branch levels have made excellent ?progress, indeed No. 1 branch level face is now two thirds of a mile away from ?? ?line. To give a further idea of the area of the ground that has been opened up, it may here be mentioned that there are six miles of tram track in actual use in this mine, and moreover, there are several sections from which the coal has been exhausted, and the rails removed, which are not yet included in the above figure. Development work has proved this mine to be comparatively free from faults with a consequent reduction in areas of crushed coal as compared with the South Mine, and, as a result, there are fewer cases of spontaneous combustion and less timbering is required. Large areas of coal in this mine are now ready for working with the hydraulic stowage system. Pumping. - In order to deal with all the income of water from Nos. 1 and 2 benches of the South and North mine, a site for a pumping station has been selected in the South Mine and at present, is in course of preparation. This station will comprise four turbine pumps each capable of throwing 500 gallons per minute up to the surface. It is confidently expected that, once this station is running, the major part of the water troubles, that have hitherto beset us, will disappear. All the water that we have to contend with is merely local seepage water from the surface and consequently during dry seasons the income of water is small. As makers have hitherto been unable to supply pumps suitable for high lifts, we have been obliged to struggle with inadequate plant and makeshift arrangements during the wet weather. Ventilation. - The new Sirocco Fan, which has a capacity of 200,000 cubic feet of air per minute, is now erected and will be run as soon as there is sufficient electrical power to drive it. In connection with it a new ventilation shaft, 14 feet 2 inches in diameter, has been sunk and bricklined throughout. The depth of this shaft is 75 feet. Hydraulic Stowage. - Owing to circumstances beyond our control, we were unable to enter into possession of our land at Kundang, from whence the supply of sand will be drawn, until March of this year, and consequently this work is behind-hand, but now is being vigorously pushed forward. Colliery Railway and Siding Extension- It was not until last December that our first consignment of rails arrived from America, and it was possible to resume rail laying. All rail laying is now completed, with the exception of siding accommodation at Nos. 3 and 4 Opencasts. Siding accommodation for railway wagons has been provided at Nos. 1, 2 and 5 Opencasts and the necessary loading screens erected. In all some 3 and half miles of track have been laid and are in use. Opencast Mines. No. 1 Mine, Great Seam. - This mine had to be closed down for coal getting for some little time, whilst the necessary arrangements in the new loading arrangements were being made. This accounts for the reduced output of this mine. No. 2 Mine, Great Seam. - As soon as the railway connection was through, this mine started producing coal and during the five months that is has been at work has produced 6,684 tons. No. 3 Mine, Great Seam. - A big yardage of the overburden has been stripped and a valuable bed of clay exposed which overlies the coal. The spoil is used for making the railway embankment, which requires a considerable amount of material added to it. The clay is loaded into railway wagons and sent to our brickyard. No. 4 Mine, Great Seam. - A drainage shaft is at present being sunk, and now that the railway is through, machinery for hauling and pumping can be brought in, and stripping the overburden will be started. No. 5 Mine, Main Seam. - The site of this mine was located during the past year, and permission to work it having been obtained from the Mines Office, it is now being opened up, and coal showing at the bottom of the mine. A small electric generator has been purchased and is being installed at this mine to supply current for lighting all the opencasts. Machinery.-All deliveries of machinery both from England and America have been sadly behind-hand and want of plant has had an adverse effect on the output. All the plant installed has been kept in the highest state of efficiency and is giving excellent service. Plant at present on order comprises boilers, chimney, electrical generators, motors, pumps, electrical cables, coal cutters, coal conveyor, locomotive, piping, briquetting plant etc. Buildings. - A new office has been built as the requirements of the mine have outgrown the available accommodation of the original office. An additional bungalow has been completed and another is in the course of construction. Boring. - A number of bores have been put down during the past year, the most important of which has proved a large extension in depth of the Great Seam. The proved area of this seam now contains over 5 million tons of good clean coal. At present we are unable to prove this seam at a greater depth, as our boring plant is not capable of doing such work, but it is evident that an enormous tonnage of coal must exist to the dip of the bore referred to above. Brickyard. - A machine for making wire cut bricks has been purchased and put to work. In order to deal with our increased output, four additional updraft brick-kilns have been built as a temporary measure pending the erection of a continuous kiln. The finished brick is of a high class quality for engineering work and eminently suitable for use in underground arching, which owing to the great roof pressure requires a strong brick. The local hand made brick is absolutely useless for arching purposes as it will not stand the strain. The clay for making the bricks is mostly obtained from No. 3 Opencast Mine, though a small quantity is also obtained from the other opencast mines where a thin bed of clay overlies the coal. Wages have risen throughout the year in sympathy with the increase in the price of foodstuffs, and towards the end of the year, owing to the inflated price of rice, it was necessary to supply our coolies with rice at a price below market rates. In all there are some 1,500 coolies employed in and about the mine. In conclusion I would like to express my appreciation of the European Staff, who have worked well and willingly during the year. The annual meeting is to be held on Saturday, Sept 20th at the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur.

The Malay Mail, Monday September 22, 1919 and Malayan Collieries. [Articles] The Straits Times, 24 September 1919, Page 9 Malayan Collieries. Increasing the Output. Future profits. The sixth annual general meeting of shareholders in Malayan Collieries Limited, was held at the registered office of the Company, Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur, on September 20th at 11 am. Mr. R. C. Russell presided. Mr J.J.F. McEwan for the secretaries, Messrs. J. A. Russell and Co., read the notice convening the meeting, and also the minutes of the last meeting, which were confirmed. The annual statement of accounts and balance sheet and the report of the directors and auditors were submitted to the meeting. The Chairman, in moving their adoption said: - Gentlemen:- The Report and accounts having been in your hands for the specified period, I shall, with your permission, take them as read. Before moving their adoption, however, I will, as usual, make a few comments upon the items on the balance sheet before you. Taking the debit side first, unclaimed dividends amount to $4,104.37. Sundry creditors $106,090.58, consists chiefly of wages, Government Royalty, and freight, also traders’ accounts due by the Company for June account, and has since been paid. Accrued expenditure is the proportion, applicable to the period under review, of the Company’s Consulting Engineers fees for the year 1919. Reserves total $272,500. Made up of a General Reserve Account $150,000, which was started last year, $10,000 for bad debts, and $112,500 mine amortization. This figure is made up of $75,000 placed to this reserve in the previous year and $37,500 charged to revenue for the present financial year. I will refer to this again when I come to the Profit and Loss Account. Turning now to the credit side, you will see “Mine Property” remains at the same figure, $1,003,474.50, as also does Mine Development Account at $100,000. It has not been considered necessary to depreciate this asset, as all work such as brick arching, etc., rendering the underground roads permanent, is now being charged to revenue. “Buildings” stand at $87,086,61. Depreciation on this item is somewhat heavier than formerly, in view of the fact that it has been considered advisable to increase the rate of depreciation on all temporary and semi permanent buildings. “Machinery and Plant”, including “plant in transit” is increased by $230,862,87 making a total of $521,123.54 from which has to be deducted $74,872.69 for depreciation. The large increase under this heading is represented in the cost of the new plant consisting of electrical locomotives for underground haulage, underground rails, new generator and electrical cables, cement gun, pumps concrete mixer, etc. The Company’s private railway line was extended during the year and now stands at $119,638.28, after allowing for depreciation, the additions amounting to $90,006,03. Our stock of materials such as mining stores, etc., stands at $88,259.11 as compared with stores on hand last year last valued at $63,817,03. In connection with the hydraulic sand stowage scheme, $18,917,03 was spent during the year. The late delivery of plant has been mainly responsible for the delay that has arisen, but now that the necessary materials are on their way from Home it is confidently to be expected that the scheme will be started shortly. All the necessary construction work here is making favourable progress. As soon as this system is working, it will be possible to commence coal getting by means of the experimental coal cutter and coal conveyor that were now due to arrive. At the closing of accounts we were owed $192,371.50, being mainly the amount of coal sales during June; although we have few bad debts you will observe that a considerable sum is required to ?nn??nce our coal sales. The item “Unexpired Expenditure” $1,858.54 represents quit rent and insurance paid but applicable to the ensuing year’s working. Cash with Company’s bankers at the close of the year amounted to $163,291.92 of which $125,000 was on fixed deposit. Cash at the mine amounted to $462.05. Turning now to the Profit and Loss Account you will notice that the loss of mining the year’s output was $931,264.49, exclusive of Government Royalty and prospecting expenses. The main items of this sum are wages and salaries $536,896.39, materials used $57,482,05, cost of brick arching and timbering the main roads underground $105, 267.54. $14,000 has been set aside for European leave salaries and passages for members of your staff already overdue leave, and a sum of $104,830,04 as depreciation; head office expenses, including the Company’s London consulting engineers’ fees and expenses, audit fee and also expenses in connection with the purchasing of plant in America total $47,684.41. A sum of $37,500 has been added to the Mine Amortization Reserve, being 2 and half per cent on the issued capital of the Company. Last year the sum so set aside was $75,000, and this reserve now stands at $112,500. The Company paid $44,957,90 to the Government as Royalty in accordance with the terms of their leases, and $5,822.05 was spent on prospecting, but this latter sum does not include European supervision, or depreciation of the diamond drill. The coal sales for the year yielded a gross return of $1,570,241.25, which after deducting the amount paid to the Railway Administration for freight, $161,699,05, gives net sales of $1,408,542.20, while sundry other items of revenue produced $18,790.70. After deducting all charges, the Company has made a profit for the year, subject to the payment of directors’ fees, of $407,788.46. To this profit has been added the balance of $15,094.04 brought forward from the previous year’s account making a total of $422,882.50. Your directors declared an interim dividend of 5 per cent on the 15th February, 1919, absorbing $75,000, leaving $347.882.50 available now for distribution. This sum however is not actually available for that purpose, since you will have noticed that a very large amount has been re-invested in the mine, in the shape of new plant etc., for which it would otherwise have been necessary to find new capital. Your directors have decided to recommend the payment of a final dividend of 10 per cent, making a total distribution for the year of 15 per cent. This will absorb $150 ,000, leaving $197,882.50 of which it is proposed to place $150,000 to the General Reserve Account, which will then stand at $300,000, leaving to be carried forward, subject to directors’ fees and a bonus to the mine staff, a balance of $47,882.50. You would now probably like to hear something regarding your property. You will have noticed in the directors’ report that the prospecting licence held by the Company has been handed back to Government after a total selection of 8,035 acres had been made. The reason for abandoning the prospecting licence, after taking up this area, and making with the original lease a total of 9,235 acres, is that from the prospecting results we have proved a portion of the area to be valueless from a coal point of view. The area now held by the Company amply covers the coal measures proved. A frequent question raised is what is the life of the mine. No true or exact figure of the available tonnage in the coalfield can be given, until it is possible to obtain boring-plant to prove the coal measures at the lower depths, but I can safely say that sufficient coal is available from our present data for a life of 30 years, even should our output rise to the quantity we eventually hope to produce, namely 400,000 tons per annum. This coal may rightly be termed in sight, and should our surmises as to the continuance in depth of the measures be correct, and we have every reason to suppose this to be so, then this coal would be only a fraction of the total amount available. Now as to attaining this output, our programme for the future entails a large expenditure, and I would state that during the present financial year we will have to purchase nearly $200,000 of plant, plant that is vitally necessary to maintain our present output, but, to materially increase it, without taking into consideration the cost of sinking a central shaft in addition to the present inclined haulage system, we shall have to spend about £50,000 or $430,000 on plant such as boilers, coal cutters and conveyors, brick kilns, electrical cables for pumps and coal cutters improved haulage and screening plant, log sawing machinery, another locomotive and a diamond drill. With regard to future profits, I might say that the development of the Company’s property is still in its infancy, and I can foresee a number of years of heavy expenditure in order to bring the property to that state of efficiency that is desirable in a coal mine, and, if we are to continue to pay a steady rate of dividend and also to compete successfully with outside collieries, it is absolutely essential that that your directors’ present policy of providing for extensions out of revenue, be continued for some time to come. Our competitors are more fortunately placed than ourselves, as our period of heavy expenditure coincides with a time when machinery is at least three times the amount our competitors paid for theirs, and our depreciation is accordingly a much heavier charge on our profits than is theirs. It is hoped by the introduction of coal cutters and other labour saving devices to increase the efficiency of our native labour, coal cutters taking up the heaviest manual work now necessary underground, and thereby to reduce the cost of production whilst increasing the output. Labour, although taking more kindly to coal mining, still demands a high rate of earning, and I am afraid that until conditions locally, both as to the cost of living and the cost of remitting to China, improve, we shall continue to have to pay our labour high rates. We are this year purchasing a briquetting plant capable of turning out 100 tons per 8 hour day. This plant we hope to have erected and producing by the spring of next year. The briquettes we intend manufacturing are ovoids, weighing 2 ozs. each, equally suitable for either mechanical stoking or hand firing, and have been satisfactorily proved on a commercial scale. Owing to their suitability for storage and the ease with which this class of fuel can be handled, we hope to be able to capture a portion of the bunkering trade of Singapore and Penang. There is, as you know, at present, a world shortage of coal, the production from most of the large coalfields has fallen considerably of late years, and I anticipate that the cost of imported coals to the Straits will remain at nearly its present figure, and this renders the time very favourable for the introduction of our briquettes. During the year under review the mine has been understaffed, and it has been impossible to obtain any new assistants. Mr. McCall and his assistants have loyally responded to the heavy demands made on them and have worked exceedingly well. I shall later ask you to pass them a hearty vote of thanks and the usual bonus for their good work. We have now, however, obtained three new assistants from Home and it is to be hoped that Mr. McCall, our General Manager and Mr. Porteous, our Engineer, will be able to take their leave, now long overdue. I now beg formally to move that the report of the directors produced, together with the statement of the Company’s accounts as at June 30th 1919, duly audited, be now received approved and adopted, which motion I will ask Mr. Chew Kam Chuan to second; but before putting it to the meeting I shall first endeavour to answer to the best of my ability any questions that shareholders present may care to put. There being no questions Mr. Chew Kam Chuan seconded the Chairman’s motion to adopt the report and accounts, which was carried. The Chairman then moved the payment of a final dividend of 10 per cent making 15 per cent for the year upon the share capital of the Company, the placing of $150,000 to General Reserve account and the carrying forward of the balance to next year’s account, which was seconded by Mr Chew Kam Chuan. The sum of $5,000 was voted to the directors in remuneration of their services for the past year. The Hon. Mr. R. P. Brash and Mr. Chew Kam Chuan were re-elected to seats on the board. Messrs. Evatt and Co. were re-elected auditors for the ensuing year at a fee of $1,000. A vote of thanks was passed to Mr. McCall and his staff on the mine for their services during the past year and a bonus of one month’s salary granted as a mark of the Company’s appreciation. The meeting concluded with a vote of thanks to the Chairman and the directors.

The Malay Mail, Tuesday, November 18, 1919 page 10. Eastern Tungsten. Compensation Question. Chairman on Prospects. The second annual general meeting of the shareholders in Eastern Tungsten Co. Ltd. was held at the registered offices of the Company, Hongkong and Shanghai Bank Buildings, Kuala Lumpur, at 11 am on Nov.15th, 1919. The Hon. Mr. H. P. Clodd (Chairman of Directors) presided. The Secretaries, Messrs. J. A. Russell and Co., having read the notice convening the Meeting and the minutes of the first annual general meeting, which were confirmed, submitted the annual statement of accounts and balance sheet together with the reports of the directors and auditors. The Chairman in moving their adoption said: - Gentlemen: - I take it you have given the report and accounts, which have been in your hands for 14 days, a careful perusal and on that assumption I will take them as read and make a few comments which may enlighten you as to the present position and the prospects of the company, and also the usual comments on the balance sheet. Taking the debit side first, the three items Bank Overdraft, $129,715.06 which represents the overdraft in Hong Kong against stocks and the Company’s property less the credit balance in Kuala Lumpur. Bills discounted against ore in transit $680,781.62. Bills discounted against ore on consignment $22,350.36, totalling $832,847.04 which must be placed against the value of the ore in stock and transit on the credit side $895,895.43, leaving a credit of $63.048.39, which we hope may be realised when we sell our stocks in Hong Kong and America. I might mention that your Board have carefully considered the question of the value of the stocks and have written them down from their cost price to G$10 per unit and this amount we hope it may be possible to realise. The present selling price of wolfram in America is G$7.50 per unit but this should improve, as stocks in America become less. The U.S. Senate has now a Bill before it, to impose an import duty of a like amount on foreign ores, but whether this will become law remains to be seen; at any rate it is not advisable to build our hopes too high on that. Our Liverpool brokers inform us that in their opinion there is a doubt whether a duty will be imposed. One cannot say more on this point until more definite information is available from official sources. Sundry creditors $21,938.23 represents various items, such as salaries, wages, stores purchased in June etc., and all have since been paid. You will note your Directors have written off $63,800.40 from the Reserve created last year. It is to be regretted that this loss was sustained, but it was occasioned largely by the defalcations of one of our upcountry buying agents in China. I might remind you that your Chairman, last year Mr. A.A. Henggeler, in his speech mentioned that great risks are entailed in dealing in China direct with producers. Although the total amount of defalcations, $43.060.40 has been written off, our Hong Kong Agents have attached property belonging to the defaulter valued at $4,000 (H.K.) or $8,080 (Straits) and they hope shortly to obtain a decree in the Chinese Courts for the sale of this property. The balance of the amount written off, $20,140, represents $2,860.00 Kuala Lumpur Investment Account and $17,880 Hong Kong Investment account. The latter sum was the amount invested in a Company called China Minerals, Ltd., floated in Hong Kong, the object being to prospect in Southern China, and, if successful, develop any ore deposits found. It is unfortunate no workable deposits were discovered. China Minerals having ceased to prospect, your Directors have considered it advisable to write this sum off. Turning to the credit side, Plant and Machinery stand at $101,335.19 or an increase of $5,496.68 over the amount last year, the increase is due to plant erected at Prai. We have written off $13,415.09 as depreciation from this account. As with Plant and Machinery, Land Buildings and Furniture account have increased from $76.849.56 to $124,644.51, after allowing for depreciation, an increase in of $47,794.95, which represents the costs of the Prai Godown and Works. I have already dealt with the ore in stock and in transit. Stores and Materials amounting to $30,347.22, are equally divided between Kuala Lumpur and Hongkong and represent our stocks of bags; these have not been written down, as their original purchase price (the figure at which they stand) is less than the present day market price. Sundry Debtors $40,946.62 is mainly balances due in shipments made to Messrs. H. A. Watson and Co. Liverpool, and since June 30th have been paid. Advances to Agents $7,063.98 are, F.M.S. $6,426.84, Hong Kong $637.14. The latter sum has been recovered and the former although outstanding is considered good by your Directors and they have not therefore written this amount off. I will now turn to the Profit and Loss account, the net earnings for the year, after paying all running expenses amounted to $71,652.81 to which must be added $33 transfer fees, making a total of $71,685.81. This amount is misleading, for as I mentioned before, when the Armistice was signed in November last year, the American wolfram market closed and all your ore became unsaleable. The F.M.S. portion of your business continued to make their usual profits up till April 30th, when the London market closed. You thus had 7 months of last year unproductive of revenue in Hong Kong, and two months in the F.M.S., whereas your general charges were maintained. With the uncertainty as to when the wolfram market would re-open and the difficulty of obtaining skilled labour for your mills, your Directors decided not to dismiss any experienced hands, as such action would have been false economy. We have, however, wherever possible, cut down on all unnecessary expenditure. The main point you will now wish to hear about are the prospects of your Company again being able to commence operations; this you must realise is entirely dependent on the wolfram market. On November 11th, the day the Armistice was signed, there were enormous stocks of unsold ore both in the United Kingdom and the U.S.A., and with the cessation of hostilities and therefore a demand, the American market dropped from $21 (Gold) per unit to $6.50 (Gold) per unit and there were forced sales in America at the latter price, which gave manufacturers sufficient supplies to carry on. As to the United Kingdom market, affairs are decidedly better. The Government stocks have been sold to the manufacturers at 30s per unit and stocks have so diminished and the demand been so steady, that the Government selling price has now been increased to 32s 6d. I might say that a market has also opened for ores other than Government stocks, and your Directors have made a sale at a good profit and are hoping to negotiate further sales. This is the thin end of the wedge and clearly indicates a revival of the market. This business was started at the time of the recent big industrial strike, and it is apparent that, if one is able to sell wolfram at a time when all the manufacturers at Home were in the middle of upheaval, it augurs well for the possibility of selling when matters are again normal. The enormous amount of reconstruction work on the Continent will naturally demand a good supply of wolfram and for this reason we look forward to a resumption of activity in the Company’s business in future. The Imperial Government has announced that compensation will be paid to producers of tungsten ores for loss sustained due to the action of Government in ceasing purchases, and to any loss incurred through the installation of machinery, etc., in order to comply with the urgent request made by Government to increase the production of tungsten ores during wartime. Mr. Henggeler and Mr. Russell are using their best efforts to induce Home Government to recognizes that this Company is entitled to compensation, for we are in effect producers, inasmuch as the mixed ore obtained is entirely useless to the manufacturers until it has passed through our separators. It is understood that compensation has been paid to Burmah shippers and it seems indisputable that we have every right to compensation. The British Government would have been deprived of a very large quantity of an indispensable material during the war had it not been for this Company. As I have said, the matter is being pressed strongly at Home and I hope the justice of our claim will be admitted. Messrs. A.A. Henggeler and D.F. Topham were re-elected to their seats on the Board and Messrs. Neill and Bell were re-elected auditors. The directors were voted $4,000 as remuneration for their services and the meeting terminated with a vote of thanks to the Chairman.

From Letter by JAR 20th April 1921 “ I left for China returning to the FMS for about a month or more in February 1919, and leaving again for America in March of that year.” I did not return to the F.M.S. until December 20th 1919.

JAR Part of letter 20th April 1921” “Towards the end of 1919 I received a cable in London telling me that a match company had been floated of which I had been appointed Chairman of Directors and asking me to engage the services of a Mr. E. L. Bell, a well-known match expert then in London. Owing to my having been since leaving the F.M.S. continually travelling, this was practically the first intimation I had received that the affairs in connection with match manufacture in the F.M.S. were so far advanced. I engaged the services of Mr. E. L. Bell for the new Company, and on his advice sent him to Germany to interview the makers of the plant Messrs. Rollers of Berlin, and to obtain an erector for their Simplex machine which apparently, contrary to its name, can only be erected by trained erectors. Mr. Bell through them engaged Mr. Gosswein. Mr. Bell on his return to London made further arrangements to engage a match mechanical-engineer to carry out the erection of the other and simpler machines, and to run the whole plant on the completion of the factory. Mr Simons was eventually obtained for this latter work and has since arrived out here and is engaged at the present time in erecting all but the Simplex automatic machine referred to above”. JAR

PROCEEDINGS OF THE FEDERAL COUNCIL, FEDERATED MALAY STATES, 1919 THE CHIEF SECRETARY moves: That this Council resolves that, with a view to encouraging the establishment of a match making industry in the Federated Malay States, it is expedient that an import duty be imposed on matches imported into the Federated Malay States during a period of five years. THE CHIEF SECRETARY says: This resolution is brought forward in consequence of a promise given by His Excellency’s predecessor, Sir Arthur Young, when a syndicate of gentlemen, interested in industry, approached him. These gentlemen proposed to establish a match factory in this country, and they asked that, in order to ensure the success of such an industry, there should be, at the start at any rate, a tax on all imported matches. Ten years was the period suggested, but Sir Arthur Young thought five years sufficient and promised that it should receive the consideration of the Council. What the syndicate particularly laid stress upon was that they would have to purchase machinery at war prices, whilst similar industries were manufacturing with machinery purchased at pre-war prices. It is simply protection, and I move this resolution to ascertain the general feeling in the matter. The ACTING RESIDENT OF NEGRI SEMBILAN seconds the resolution. Mr F.G.HARVEY moves amendment by addition of words “at the present rate” after “import duty”. Mr H.P.CLODD seconds the amendment Mr E.MACFADYEN says: I think it is a policy that the Council ought to enter upon only with a great deal of circumspection. Cheap matches are not necessities, but they are the poor man’s luxuries, and I shall be very sorry to see them remain at the high price they are today, still more so to see them higher. On the other hand I consider the industry one which might be successfully established here and the promoters are men who have shown, in connection with the coalfield, that they deserve to be supported. Therefore, I am prepared to offer my support to the resolution, But, being entirely ignorant of the manufacture of matches, I am not prepared to support the imposition of any fixed amount at the present moment. I supported the imposition of the existing rate to assist the Empire in the prosecution of the war, but I am not prepared to support the same rate for the benefit of individuals. Therefore, I think it will be sufficient to support the Chief Secretary’s resolution as proposed without the amendment, and to leave it to further investigation to see if $60 or $40 a case would be a suitable amount. Mr.R.P.BRASH asks: Will this resolution bar the importation of British-made matches? THE PRESIDENT replies: They will have to pay the duty. THE PRESIDENT proposes second amendment by insertion of the words “not exceeding the present duty” after the words “import duty” The resolution is adopted with the second amendment, From National Archives of Malaysia Transcribed by P.C

MINUTES OF THE FEDERAL COUNCIL 25TH NOVEMBER 1919 Copy of minutes of the Federal Council Of 25th November, 1919 ______________ 18. The Chief Secretary moves: That this Council resolves that, with a view to encouraging the establishment of a match-making industry in the Federated Malay States, it is expedient that an import duty be imposed on matches imported into the Federated Malay States during a period of five years. The Resident of Negri Sembilan seconds the resolution. Mr. Harvey moves amendment by addition of words “at the present rate” after “import duty”. Mr. Clodd seconds the amendment. Mr. Macfadyen opposes the amendment. The British Resident, Perak, addresses the Council Mr. Brash addresses the Council The President proposes second amendment by insertion of the words “not exceeding the present duty” after the words “import duty”. The resolution is adopted with the second amendment. Resolution then reads -import duty not exceeding the present duty be imposed on matches imported- From National Archives of Malaysia. 5351/19 Transcribed by P.C.

F. M. S. COUNCIL [Articles] The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 26 November 1919, Page 12  and F. M. S. COUNCIL [Articles] The Singapore Free Press and Mercantile Advertiser (1884-1942), 27 November 1919, Page 348  F. M. S. COUNCIL HK.H COMMISSIONER'S ADDRESS Excerpts including Financial, Trade and Customs, Agriculture, Immigration, Mining, “The Malayan Collieries Ltd, produced 89,923 tons, of which 11,213 tons were exported to the colony, and this increase of 11,093 tons over the output in the first half of 1918 will be still further improved when the additional plant arrives.” 0. Education, Railways, Public Works, Food Control, Short crops in Siam, General Trained Men Needed, What F.M.S. did in War, Profiteering. FEDERAL COUNCIL. [Articles] The Straits Times, 26 November 1919, Page 9  FEDERAL COUNCIL. Annual Address of High Commissioner. Mr. James C.M.G. (As above but in more detail.)

LETTER FROM SECRETARY TO RESIDENT, SELANGOR , TO THE UNDER SECRETARY F.M.S. 30TH DECEMBER 1919 (3) in 5351/19 Kuala Lumpur, 30 December 1919 Matches, import duty on. ______________ _______________ Sir, In reply to your memo of date 20th December, 1919 your paper 7862/19, I am directed to say that the Resident would propose that a notification should be published in the Gazette in the usual form stating that in the exercise of the powers in them severally vested by the Customs Duties’ Enactments 1898 (N.S.1807) and with the approval of the Chief Secretary to Government the Residents of Perak, Selangor, Negri Sembilan and Pahang each for the State where of he is Resident hereby impose an import duty upon the article specified in Table A here to appended at the rate therein specified. Table A. Description of Article Duty 1. Matches per case of 7200 boxes, $60/- 2. Matches in quantity less than one case one cent per box provided that no duty shall be charged on quantities less than 20 boxes. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant ? Secretary to Resident Selangor From National Archives of Malaysia 5351/19 Transcribed by P.C.